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26 Feb 2007

Volume 90, Issue 9, Articles (09xxxx)

Issue Cover Spotlight Figure

Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 093127 (2007); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2710743 (3 pages)

Y. Q. Li, J. X. Tang, H. Wang, J. A. Zapien, Y. Y. Shan, and S. T. Lee
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Conformal mapping of ultrasonic crystals: Confining ultrasound and cochlearlike waveguiding

A. Bazán, M. Torres, F. R. Montero de Espinosa, R. Quintero-Torres, and J. L. Aragón

Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 094101 (2007); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2709939 (3 pages) | Cited 3 times

Online Publication Date: 26 February 2007

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Conformal mapping of a slab of a two-dimensional ultrasonic crystal generates a closed geometrical arrangement of ultrasonic scatterers with appealing acoustic properties. This acoustic shell is able to confine ultrasonic modes. Some of these internal resonances can be induced from an external wave source. The mapping of a linear defect produces a waveguide that exhibits a spatial-frequency selection analogous to that characteristic of a synthetic “cochlea.” Both experimental and theoretical results are reported here.
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43.20.Ks Standing waves, resonance, normal modes
43.20.Mv Waveguides, wave propagation in tubes and ducts
43.35.-c Ultrasonics, quantum acoustics, and physical effects of sound

Noncontact measurement of thermal conductivity of liquid silicon in a static magnetic field

Hidekazu Kobatake, Hiroyuki Fukuyama, Izuru Minato, Takao Tsukada, and Satoshi Awaji

Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 094102 (2007); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2710220 (3 pages) | Cited 26 times

Online Publication Date: 28 February 2007

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Thermal conductivity of liquid silicon is indispensable for numerical modeling of silicon crystal growth processes and for elucidating electron transport phenomena in high-temperature liquids. However, crucial obstacles render measurement of thermal conductivity difficult: convection and contamination from contact materials. In this study, the authors developed a noncontact measurement of thermal conductivity of liquid silicon using electromagnetic levitation in a static magnetic field. Convection in the levitated silicon becomes negligible above 2 T. The determined thermal conductivity shows that the electron contribution is dominant for thermal transport in liquid silicon at temperatures of 1750–2050 K.
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72.15.Cz Electrical and thermal conduction in amorphous and liquid metals and alloys
72.80.Cw Elemental semiconductors

Image storage through gray-scale encoding of second harmonic signals in azo-dye copolymers

Denis Gindre, Ibrahima Ka, Alex Boeglin, Alain Fort, and Kokou D. Dorkenoo

Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 094103 (2007); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2710774 (3 pages) | Cited 7 times

Online Publication Date: 2 March 2007

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The authors investigated the optical data and image storage in polymeric materials functionalized with azo-dye molecules. Thin films are initially poled to generate a spatially homogeneous second harmonic signal. The information is locally inscribed through the disorientation of the azo chromophores by successive isomerization cycles induced through the two-photon absorption processes. The resulting micron-scale controlled decrease in second harmonic signal can be exploited to perform optical storage. As a demonstration of the proposed method, they store a picture with an 8 bit gray-scale encoding. This image can only be retrieved through second harmonic detection and not by linear optical imaging techniques.
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42.30.Va Image forming and processing
42.30.Wb Image reconstruction; tomography
42.30.Sy Pattern recognition
42.79.Vb Optical storage systems, optical disks
42.65.Ky Frequency conversion; harmonic generation, including higher-order harmonic generation
42.70.Jk Polymers and organics
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