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1 Oct 2007

Volume 91, Issue 14, Articles (14xxxx)

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Appl. Phys. Lett. 91, 143101 (2007); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2789812 (3 pages)

Hyun S. Kim, Hua Qin, and Robert H. Blick
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Faithful qubit transmission against collective noise without ancillary qubits

Xi-Han Li, Fu-Guo Deng, and Hong-Yu Zhou

Appl. Phys. Lett. 91, 144101 (2007); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2794433 (3 pages) | Cited 40 times

Online Publication Date: 2 October 2007

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We present a faithful qubit transmission scheme with linear optics against collective noise, not resorting to ancillary qubits. Its setup is composed of three unbalanced polarization interferometers, based on a polarizing beam splitter, a beam splitter, and a half wave plate, which makes this scheme more feasible than others with present technology. The fidelity of successful transmission is 1, independent of the parameters of the collective noise, and the success probability for obtaining an uncorrupted state can be improved to 100% with some time delayers. Moreover, this scheme has some good applications in one-way quantum communication for rejecting the errors caused by the collective noise in quantum channel.
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42.50.Lc Quantum fluctuations, quantum noise, and quantum jumps
42.50.St Nonclassical interferometry, subwavelength lithography
42.79.Fm Reflectors, beam splitters, and deflectors
42.79.Ci Filters, zone plates, and polarizers
03.67.Lx Quantum computation architectures and implementations

Ab initio study of the effects of thin CsI coatings on the work function of graphite cathodes

Vasilios Vlahos, John H. Booske, and Dane Morgan

Appl. Phys. Lett. 91, 144102 (2007); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2794762 (3 pages) | Cited 19 times

Online Publication Date: 2 October 2007

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Cesium-iodide (CsI)-coated graphite cathodes are promising electron sources for high power microwave generators, but the mechanism driving the improved emission is not well understood. Therefore, an ab initio modeling investigation on the effects of thin CsI coatings on graphite has been carried out. It is demonstrated that the CsI coatings reduce the work function of the system significantly through a mechanism of induced dipoles. The results suggest that work function modification is a major contribution to the improved emission seen when CsI coatings are applied to C.
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85.45.-w Vacuum microelectronics
84.40.-x Radiowave and microwave (including millimeter wave) technology

Continuous-time photoelectron spectroscopy for monitoring monochromatic soft x-ray photodissociation of CF3Cl adsorbed on Si(111)−7×7

L.-C. Chou, W.-M. Chuang, W.-C. Tsai, S.-K. Wang, Y.-H. Wu, and C.-R. Wen

Appl. Phys. Lett. 91, 144103 (2007); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2794430 (3 pages) | Cited 4 times

Online Publication Date: 3 October 2007

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The continuous-time photoelectron spectroscopy was proposed to study the monochromatic soft x-ray photodissociation of CF3Cl molecules adsorbed on Si(111)−7×7. Evolution of adsorbed CF3Cl was monitored at two photon energies of 240 and 730 eV to deduce the photolysis cross section as a function of energy. Dissociation of adsorbed CF3Cl by 240/730 eV photons is attributed to the C–Cl/C–F bond scission following the excitation of Cl(2p)/F(1s) core electron. Observation of time-dependent photodissociation also demonstrates the capability for “real-time” monitoring of the variations of electronic structure and chemical bonding of adsorbate in bond-selective photochemistry.
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82.50.Kx Processes caused by X-rays or γ-rays
82.65.+r Surface and interface chemistry; heterogeneous catalysis at surfaces
82.80.Pv Electron spectroscopy (X-ray photoelectron (XPS), Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), etc.)
82.30.Lp Decomposition reactions (pyrolysis, dissociation, and fragmentation)

Carbon nanotube based battery architecture

A. Kiebele and G. Gruner

Appl. Phys. Lett. 91, 144104 (2007); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2795328 (3 pages) | Cited 20 times

Online Publication Date: 3 October 2007

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We have fabricated batteries using a random network of carbon nanotubes serving both as the charge collector and the interface with the active components. Due to the high network conductivity and high porosity, such networks, in combination with nanoscale active components, lead to batteries with excellent energy storage characteristics. In addition the devices can be fabricated using a roll-to-roll or inkjet printing process, the essentials of what can be called “printed power.”
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82.47.Cb Lead-acid, nickel-metal hydride and other batteries
84.60.-h Direct energy conversion and storage
85.35.Kt Nanotube devices
85.65.+h Molecular electronic devices

Electroactivate shape-memory polymer filled with nanocarbon particles and short carbon fibers

Jinsong Leng, Haibao Lv, Yanju Liu, and Shanyi Du

Appl. Phys. Lett. 91, 144105 (2007); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2790497 (3 pages) | Cited 45 times

Online Publication Date: 4 October 2007

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In addition to the fabrication of shape-memory thermoset polymer nanocomposites filled with conductive nanoparticles and fiber fillers, this paper is focused on factors which would influence the electrical property of this type of material. It is shown that the particulate additives are dispersed homogeneously within the matrix and served as interconnections between the fibers, while the fibrous additives act as long distance charge transporter by forming local conductive paths. The electrical conductivity of the nanocomposite which contains 5 wt % carbon nanoparticles and 2 wt % short carbon fiber is 2.32 S/cm by four-point van der Pauw method, and can be induced by 24 V voltages.
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81.07.-b Nanoscale materials and structures: fabrication and characterization
81.05.Qk Reinforced polymers and polymer-based composites
73.63.-b Electronic transport in nanoscale materials and structures
72.80.Tm Composite materials
61.46.-w Structure of nanoscale materials
81.40.Lm Deformation, plasticity, and creep

Higher ionic conductive ceria-based electrolytes for solid oxide fuel cells

Shobit Omar, Eric D. Wachsman, and Juan C. Nino

Appl. Phys. Lett. 91, 144106 (2007); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2794725 (3 pages) | Cited 16 times

Online Publication Date: 4 October 2007

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Codoping is used to enhance the ionic conductivity of ceria-based electrolytes. Sm3+ and Nd3+ were selected as codopants to promote low migration energy paths for oxygen vacancy diffusion, thereby increasing the ionic conductivity. Moreover, the use of codopants also increases the pre-exponential factor in the Arrhenius relationship, thus further improving the ionic conductivity. The ionic conductivity of SmxNdxCe1−2xO2−δ solid solutions is measured using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. It was observed that for Sm0.075Nd0.075Ce0.85O2−δ, the grain ionic conductivity was 14.0×10−3 S cm−1 at 550 °C, which makes it one of the most promising ceria-based electrolytes for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells.
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82.47.Ed Solid-oxide fuel cells (SOFC)
66.30.H- Self-diffusion and ionic conduction in nonmetals
82.45.Gj Electrolytes
61.72.J- Point defects and defect clusters
82.80.Fk Electrochemical methods
82.45.Rr Electroanalytical chemistry

Self-tuning mechanisms of nonlinear split-ring resonators

David A. Powell, Ilya V. Shadrivov, Yuri S. Kivshar, and Maxim V. Gorkunov

Appl. Phys. Lett. 91, 144107 (2007); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2794733 (3 pages) | Cited 35 times

Online Publication Date: 4 October 2007

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We study both theoretically and experimentally the dynamic tunability of the magnetic resonance of a single nonlinear split-ring resonator with varactor diode at microwave frequencies. We demonstrate different tuning regimes with and without an inductive coil in parallel with the varactor. We show that the coil changes the sign of the nonlinearity and eliminates the memory effect caused by charge accumulation across the varactor. In addition, at higher powers the nonlinear response of the split-ring resonator becomes multivalued, paving a way for creating bistable tunable metamaterials.
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84.40.Az Waveguides, transmission lines, striplines

Roughness corrections to the Casimir force: The importance of local surface slope

P. J. van Zwol, G. Palasantzas, and J. Th. M. De Hosson

Appl. Phys. Lett. 91, 144108 (2007); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2795795 (3 pages) | Cited 7 times

Online Publication Date: 4 October 2007

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This paper concentrates on a study where finite conductivity corrections are included in the theoretical description of the effects of roughness on the Casimir force. The roughness data were taken from gold films evaporated onto silicon and polysterene spheres. We conclude that for a detailed comparison with experimental data, i.e., at the level of at least 5% at short separations below 200 nm, the lateral dimensions of roughness for real films should be included in the theoretical considerations. Moreover, if the rms roughness is considerable, high local surface slopes are shown to have a significant effect on the Casimir force.
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68.47.De Metallic surfaces
12.20.Ds Specific calculations
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