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30 Jul 2007

Volume 91, Issue 5, Articles (05xxxx)

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Appl. Phys. Lett. 91, 052901 (2007); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2767146 (3 pages)

Wei-Feng Rao and Yu U. Wang
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Electrical characterization of protein molecules by a solid-state nanopore

Daniel Fologea, Bradley Ledden, David S. McNabb, and Jiali Li

Appl. Phys. Lett. 91, 053901 (2007); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2767206 (3 pages) | Cited 36 times

Online Publication Date: 31 July 2007

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The authors measured ionic current blockages caused by protein translocation through voltage-biased silicon nitride nanopores in ionic solution. By calculating the mean amplitude, time duration, and the integral of current blockages, they estimated the relative charge and size of protein molecules at a single molecule level. The authors measured the change in protein charge of bovine serum albumin (BSA) protein induced by pH variation. They also confirmed that BSA molecules indeed traverse nanopores using an improved chemiluminescent analysis. They demonstrated that a larger protein fibrinogen could be distinguished from BSA by a solid-state nanopore measurement.
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87.16.Uv Active transport processes
87.14.E- Proteins
87.15.B- Structure of biomolecules
87.17.-d Cell processes
36.20.-r Macromolecules and polymer molecules

Femtosecond cellular transfection using a nondiffracting light beam

X. Tsampoula, V. Garcés-Chávez, M. Comrie, D. J. Stevenson, B. Agate, C. T. A. Brown, F. Gunn-Moore, and K. Dholakia

Appl. Phys. Lett. 91, 053902 (2007); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2766835 (3 pages) | Cited 51 times

Online Publication Date: 2 August 2007

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The ability to permeate selectively the cell membrane and introduce therapeutic agents is a key goal in cell biology. Optical transfection is a powerful methodology but requires exact focusing due to the required two-photon power density. The authors use a Bessel beam that obviates the need to locate precisely the cell membrane, permitting two-photon excitation along a line leading to cell transfection. Assuming a minimum efficiency of 20%, the Bessel beam offers transfection at axial distances 20 times greater than that of its Gaussian equivalent. Furthermore, the authors demonstrate cell transfection beyond obstacles due to the self-healing nature of the Bessel beam.
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87.50.wp Therapeutic applications
87.50.W- Optical/infrared radiation effects
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