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12 May 2008

Volume 92, Issue 19, Articles (19xxxx)

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Appl. Phys. Lett. 92, 193301 (2008); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2920199 (3 pages)

Wei Chen, Hong Liang Zhang, Han Huang, Lan Chen, and Andrew Thye Shen Wee
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Dynamic amorphization and recrystallization of metals in kinetic spray process

Yuming Xiong, Kicheol Kang, Gyuyeol Bae, Sanghoon Yoon, and Changhee Lee

Appl. Phys. Lett. 92, 194101 (2008); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2928218 (3 pages) | Cited 15 times

Online Publication Date: 12 May 2008

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We reported dynamic amorphization and recrystallization processes of metals upon impact of micron-scaled particles at a high strain rate (109 s−1) combining adiabatic heating with rapid cooling (1010 K s−1) in a kinetic spray process. At the interface of the particle/substrate, an amorphous zone with a thickness of about 3 nm was observed after individual particle impact. It is consistent with the mechanism of amorphous shear lamella and adiabatic shear instability characteristics in kinetic spray process. At the interface of coating/substrate, a rapid phase transition from unstable amorphous to crystalline helps the formation of ductile joints of coatings.
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81.40.Ef Cold working, work hardening; annealing, post-deformation annealing, quenching, tempering recovery, and crystallization
81.65.-b Surface treatments
61.43.-j Disordered solids

Gray-tone lithography using an optical diffuser and a contact aligner

Marc Christophersen and Bernard F. Phlips

Appl. Phys. Lett. 92, 194102 (2008); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2924314 (3 pages) | Cited 4 times

Online Publication Date: 13 May 2008

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This paper describes a simple method for the three-dimensional (3D) microfabrication of complex high-aspect structures in a one mask lithography process. The method relies on an unconventional way of performing gray-tone lithography. The main idea is to randomize the collimated light by using an optical diffuser to generate intensity distributions in the photoresist. The resist topography is determined by the density of open and opaque squares in the photomask. The resulting 3D resist is then transferred into 3D silicon structures by using reactive ion etching and deep reactive ion etching.
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85.40.Hp Lithography, masks and pattern transfer
42.82.Cr Fabrication techniques; lithography, pattern transfer
81.16.Nd Micro- and nanolithography
81.65.Cf Surface cleaning, etching, patterning
68.47.Fg Semiconductor surfaces

Electromagnetic three-dimensional reconstruction of targets from free space experimental data

J.-M. Geffrin, P. C. Chaumet, C. Eyraud, K. Belkebir, and P. Sabouroux

Appl. Phys. Lett. 92, 194103 (2008); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2924303 (3 pages) | Cited 7 times

Online Publication Date: 15 May 2008

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This paper deals with the problem of reconstructing the relative permittivity of three-dimensional targets using experimental scattered fields. The fields concerned were measured in an anechoic chamber on the surface of a sphere surrounding the target. The inverse scattering problem is reformulated as an optimization problem that is iteratively solved thanks to a conjugate gradient method and by using the coupled dipoles method as a forward problem solver. The measurement technique and the inversion procedure are briefly described with the inversion results. This work demonstrates the reliability of the experiments and the efficiency of the proposed inverse scattering scheme.
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02.30.Zz Inverse problems
06.30.Ka Basic electromagnetic quantities
07.57.Kp Bolometers; infrared, submillimeter wave, microwave, and radiowave receivers and detectors
41.20.-q Applied classical electromagnetism

Two-dimensional propagation of magnetocardiac T wave signals for characterizing myocardial ischemia

C. C. Wu, H. C. Huang, Y. B. Liu, L. C. Lin, L. Y. Lin, M. F. Chen, M. C. Tsai, Y. L. Gao, S. Y. Yang, H. E. Horng, H. C. Yang, W. K. Tseng, T. L. Lee, C. F. Hsuan, Y. F. Pan, et al.

Appl. Phys. Lett. 92, 194104 (2008); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2913158 (3 pages) | Cited 2 times

Online Publication Date: 15 May 2008

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Instead of detecting electrical signals for diagnosing cardiac abnormalities, a promising alternative is to detect the magnetic signals generated from cardiac electrical currents. The system utilizing 64 low-transition-temperature superconducting quantum interference devices was tested to detect the time-dependent magnetocardiac signals that are spatially distributed over the heart. To achieve efficient acquisition and analysis, we propose a method to detect two-dimensionally, the T wave propagation of electromagnetic signals of beating hearts. In addition to characterizing the propagating behaviors, the differences between normal hearts and those with coronary artery disease were investigated.
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87.85.Ng Biological signal processing
87.19.X- Diseases
87.19.Hh Cardiac dynamics
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