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9 Jun 2008

Volume 92, Issue 23, Articles (23xxxx)

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Appl. Phys. Lett. 92, 231901 (2008); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2938921 (3 pages)

N. A. Mara, D. Bhattacharyya, P. Dickerson, R. G. Hoagland, and A. Misra
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Terahertz near-field imaging of metallic subwavelength holes and hole arrays

Andreas Bitzer and Markus Walther

Appl. Phys. Lett. 92, 231101 (2008); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2936303 (3 pages) | Cited 25 times

Online Publication Date: 9 June 2008

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Metallic microstructures are investigated by time-resolved terahertz near-field imaging. By our approach, we can directly follow field diffraction from subwavelength structures as well as coupling to the surface. Near-field images of the spectral amplitude and phase of the electric field show the formation, propagation, and attenuation of surface waves and allow us to distinguish between propagating and stationary modes. Our results show that the field enhancement in an individual hole, together with the formation of standing waves on the metal surface between the holes, are key mechanisms for the extraordinary transmission phenomenon through periodic hole arrays.
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78.70.Gq Microwave and radio-frequency interactions
78.47.D- Time resolved spectroscopy (>1 psec)

Efficient generation of cross-polarized femtosecond pulses in cubic crystals with holographic cut orientation

Lorenzo Canova, Stoyan Kourtev, Nikolay Minkovski, Aurélie Jullien, Rodrigo Lopez-Martens, Olivier Albert, and Solomon M. Saltiel

Appl. Phys. Lett. 92, 231102 (2008); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2939584 (3 pages) | Cited 14 times

Online Publication Date: 9 June 2008

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We report here an alternative and more efficient orientation of cubic crystals for generation of cross-polarized femtosecond laser pulses. We show both theoretically and experimentally that the cross polarized wave generation (XPWG) is more efficient when the fundamental beam propagates along the [011] direction (holographic cut) in the crystal than along the [001] direction previously reported. With the [011]-cut BaF2 crystal we measured the highest XPWG conversion efficiencies. We prove other very important advantages of the [011]-cut approach: weak induced phase mismatch and no need for its compensation.
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42.65.-k Nonlinear optics
42.65.Re Ultrafast processes; optical pulse generation and pulse compression

Photonic bandgap of gradient quasidiamond lattice photonic crystal

Xian-Zi Dong, Qi Ya, Xin-Zhi Sheng, Zhi-Yuan Li, Zhen-Sheng Zhao, and Xuan-Ming Duan

Appl. Phys. Lett. 92, 231103 (2008); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2943278 (3 pages) | Cited 8 times

Online Publication Date: 10 June 2008

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A three-dimensional (3D) photonic crystal (PhC) structure consisting of gradient quasidiamond lattices was fabricated using multiphoton photopolymerization nanofabrication technique. The photonic bandgap (PBG) of this 3D PhC was experimentally confirmed by reflection and transmission measurements and simulated with finite-difference time domain calculations. The results indicate that a 3D PhC with gradient lattices could effectively expand the width of the PBG and may be beneficial for developing complete-bandgap PhCs with low refractive index materials for applications in polymer based optoelectronic devices and integrated systems.
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42.70.Qs Photonic bandgap materials
78.20.Ci Optical constants (including refractive index, complex dielectric constant, absorption, reflection and transmission coefficients, emissivity)
42.86.+b Optical workshop techniques

High frequency measurements on an AlN/GaN-based intersubband detector at 1550 and 780 nm

D. Hofstetter, E. Baumann, F. R. Giorgetta, J. Dawlaty, P. A. George, F. Rana, F. Guillot, and E. Monroy

Appl. Phys. Lett. 92, 231104 (2008); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2939433 (3 pages) | Cited 5 times

Online Publication Date: 12 June 2008

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We report on high frequency measurements on an AlN/GaN-based intersubband detector using mode-locked solid state lasers. Our experiments involving laser wavelengths of 1550 and 780 nm demonstrate not only the capability of such devices to work both at the fundamental and at a higher order intersubband transition, but they also allowed us to push the high frequency detection limit up to a value of 13.3 GHz. From the shape of the harmonic decay, we conclude that this limit is not due to intrinsic properties of the detector.
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72.30.+q High-frequency effects; plasma effects
85.60.Gz Photodetectors (including infrared and CCD detectors)
68.65.Fg Quantum wells
42.55.Px Semiconductor lasers; laser diodes
42.60.Fc Modulation, tuning, and mode locking

Q-factor and density of optical modes in pyramidal and cone-shaped GaAs microcavities

M. Karl, T. Beck, S. Li, H. Kalt, and M. Hetterich

Appl. Phys. Lett. 92, 231105 (2008); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2946659 (3 pages) | Cited 4 times

Online Publication Date: 12 June 2008

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GaAs pyramids on top of GaAs/AlAs distributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs) are studied as candidates for microcavities with low mode volume. Photoluminescence spectra of single pyramids with embedded quantum dots show cavity modes with quality (Q-) factors of up to 700. Furthermore, to assess the complex mode structure in pyramids a finite-difference time-domain simulation with rotational symmetry is used to evaluate cavity modes in a cone on top of a DBR. A cone angle around 46° was identified for highest Q-factors. Based on our calculations, approaches to improve the light confinement are suggested which should result in microcavities with high Q-factors.
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78.66.Fd III-V semiconductors
78.55.Cr III-V semiconductors
42.50.Pq Cavity quantum electrodynamics; micromasers

Fabrication and characterization of periodically poled lithium niobate waveguide using femtosecond laser pulses

Shuanggen Zhang, Jianghong Yao, Qing Shi, Yange Liu, Weiwei Liu, Zhangchao Huang, Fuyun Lu, and Enbang Li

Appl. Phys. Lett. 92, 231106 (2008); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2945275 (3 pages) | Cited 4 times

Online Publication Date: 13 June 2008

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We present in this letter the fabrication and characterization of thermally stable type II waveguides in Z-cut periodically poled lithium niobate crystals. The waveguides were fabricated by using a femtosecond laser and were utilized for second harmonic generation. Our experiments have shown that a quasiphase matching wavelength of 1548.2 nm, a tuning bandwidth of 2 nm, and a tuning temperature range of 150.4±1.6 °C can be achieved.
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42.79.Gn Optical waveguides and couplers
42.60.Fc Modulation, tuning, and mode locking
42.65.Ky Frequency conversion; harmonic generation, including higher-order harmonic generation
42.86.+b Optical workshop techniques
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