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4 Feb 2008

Volume 92, Issue 5, Articles (05xxxx)

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Appl. Phys. Lett. 92, 053301 (2008); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2838457 (3 pages)

Michael S. Arnold, Gregory J. McGraw, Stephen R. Forrest, and Richard R. Lunt
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Modification of the spin state in Sm0.52Sr0.48MnO3 by external magnetic field

P. Sarkar and P. Mandal

Appl. Phys. Lett. 92, 052501 (2008); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2840184 (3 pages) | Cited 11 times

Online Publication Date: 4 February 2008

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The effect of applied magnetic field (H) on the magnetic properties of Sm0.52Sr0.48MnO3 single crystal in the paramagnetic (PM) state has been investigated. We observe a field induced steplike jump in magnetization (M) above TC (110 K). The temperature and magnetic field dependence of susceptibility reveal that the PM phase of this system is quite complicated due to the coexistence of ferromagnetic (FM) and antiferromagnetic (AFM) interactions. The nature of magnetic interaction changes abruptly from AFM to FM at around 3.5 T, above which M ceases the steplike jump.
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75.30.Cr Saturation moments and magnetic susceptibilities
75.20.Ck Nonmetals
75.50.Ee Antiferromagnetics
75.50.Dd Nonmetallic ferromagnetic materials

Remanence enhancement in nanoscaled electrodeposited FePt films

K. Leistner, H. Schlörb, J. Thomas, L. Schultz, and S. Fähler

Appl. Phys. Lett. 92, 052502 (2008); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2836944 (3 pages) | Cited 1 time

Online Publication Date: 4 February 2008

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L10 FePt films with a small grain size of around 13 nm have been prepared by electrodeposition and postannealing at a low annealing temperature of 400 °C. A high remanence of up to 0.9 T is achieved due to remanence enhancement by exchange coupling between the nanosized grains. Coercivity increases with longer annealing time as the L10 order becomes more complete. The resulting maximum energy product reaches a high value of 70 kJ/m3 after annealing for 120 min, exceeding the maximum energy products so far obtained in electrodeposited hard magnetic films.
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75.60.Ej Magnetization curves, hysteresis, Barkhausen and related effects
75.70.Ak Magnetic properties of monolayers and thin films
75.50.Tt Fine-particle systems; nanocrystalline materials
81.15.Pq Electrodeposition, electroplating
68.55.-a Thin film structure and morphology

First-principles prediction of enhanced magnetic anisotropy in FeCo alloys

Dangxin Wu, Qiming Zhang, J. Ping Liu, Dingwang Yuan, and Ruqian Wu

Appl. Phys. Lett. 92, 052503 (2008); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2840721 (3 pages) | Cited 6 times

Online Publication Date: 4 February 2008

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The structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of FeCo alloys were studied by first-principles calculations. It has been found that the alloys prefer chemically noncubic geometries in a wide composition range. This produces appreciable uniaxial magnetic anisotropy, which facilitates interphase magnetic interaction and enhances the overall magnetization in exchange-coupled nanocomposite systems. Large magnetostrictive coefficients provide another venue for manipulations of magnetic anisotropy energies.
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75.30.Gw Magnetic anisotropy
75.80.+q Magnetomechanical effects, magnetostriction

Nanocrystalline iron nitride films with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy

Ajay Gupta, Ranu Dubey, W. Leitenberger, and U. Pietsch

Appl. Phys. Lett. 92, 052504 (2008); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2840185 (3 pages) | Cited 4 times

Online Publication Date: 4 February 2008

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Nanocrystalline α-iron nitride films have been prepared using reactive ion-beam sputtering. Films develop significant perpendicualr magnetic anisotropy (PMA) with increasing thickness. A comparison of x-ray diffraction patterns taken with scattering vectors in the film plane and out of the film plane provides a clear evidence for development of compressive strain in the film plane with thickness. Thermal annealing results in relaxation of the strain, which correlates very well with the relaxation of PMA. This suggests that the observed PMA is a consequence of the breaking of the symmetry of the crystal structure due to the compressive strain.
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75.70.Ak Magnetic properties of monolayers and thin films
75.30.Gw Magnetic anisotropy
75.50.Tt Fine-particle systems; nanocrystalline materials
81.15.Cd Deposition by sputtering
68.55.at Other materials
68.60.Bs Mechanical and acoustical properties

Theoretical evidence of a superconducting transition in doped silicon and germanium driven by a variation of chemical composition

K. Kádas, L. Vitos, and R. Ahuja

Appl. Phys. Lett. 92, 052505 (2008); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2840696 (3 pages) | Cited 3 times

Online Publication Date: 5 February 2008

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We present the first theoretical evidence of chemical composition driven superconductivity in acceptor-doped silicon and germanium, using density functional theory. We examine the concentration dependence of Tc in B-doped Si and Ge and predict that B-doped Ge is a superconductor with a slightly higher Tc than B-doped Si. We show that there is a critical concentration above which B-doped Si and Ge become superconducting and estimate it to be ∼ 2.6% in Si:B and ∼ 2.2% in Ge:B. Considering the Al-doped Si and Ge, we point out the decisive role of the chemical element in the hole-doping scenario.
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74.62.Dh Effects of crystal defects, doping and substitution
74.70.-b Superconducting materials other than cuprates

A possible source of spin-polarized electrons: The inert graphene/Ni(111) system

Yu. S. Dedkov, M. Fonin, and C. Laubschat

Appl. Phys. Lett. 92, 052506 (2008); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2841809 (3 pages) | Cited 39 times

Online Publication Date: 6 February 2008

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We report on an investigation of spin-polarized secondary electron emission from the chemically inert system: graphene/Ni(111). An ordered passivation graphene layer (monolayer of graphite) was formed on Ni(111) surface via cracking of propylene gas. The spin polarization of secondary electrons obtained from this system upon photoemission is only slightly lower than the one from the clean Ni surface but does not change upon large oxygen exposure. These results suggest to use such passivated Ni(111) surface as a source of spin-polarized electrons stable against adsorption of reactive gases.
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72.25.-b Spin polarized transport
79.20.Hx Electron impact: secondary emission
79.60.Jv Interfaces; heterostructures; nanostructures
75.70.Ak Magnetic properties of monolayers and thin films
81.65.Rv Passivation

Superconducting properties of nanocrystalline Nb3Al in Nb–Al matrix

Puspen Mondal, Meghmalhar Manekar, Ravi Kumar, Tapas Ganguli, and S. B. Roy

Appl. Phys. Lett. 92, 052507 (2008); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2841827 (3 pages) | Cited 1 time

Online Publication Date: 6 February 2008

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We present the results of x-ray diffraction and magnetization measurements on the nanocrystalline as-cast compound Nb3Al. X-ray diffraction shows the presence of the A15 Nb3Al phase embedded in a matrix of a bcc Nb–Al solid solution. The average grain size of Nb3Al estimated from the line broadening is about 35 nm. Magnetization measurements give a lower limit of the superconducting transition temperature to be about 16.8 K, which is amongst the highest known TC for the as-cast sample of Nb3Al. In the superconducting state, the sample shows anomalous thermomagnetic history effects in the temperature and field variation of magnetization.
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74.70.Ad Metals; alloys and binary compounds (including A15, MgB2, etc.)
74.78.Na Mesoscopic and nanoscale systems
74.25.Ha Magnetic properties including vortex structures and related phenomena
74.62.-c Transition temperature variations, phase diagrams
74.25.F- Transport properties

Structures and magnetic properties of (Fe, Li)-codoped NiO thin films

Wensheng Yan, Weixiang Weng, Guobin Zhang, Zhihu Sun, Qinghua Liu, Zhiyun Pan, Yuxian Guo, Pengshou Xu, Shiqiang Wei, Yunpeng Zhang, and Shishen Yan

Appl. Phys. Lett. 92, 052508 (2008); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2841819 (3 pages) | Cited 6 times

Online Publication Date: 7 February 2008

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Rock-salt structured single-phase Ni0.98Fe0.02O and Ni0.93Fe0.02Li0.05O thin films with room temperature ferromagnetism were grown by pulsed laser deposition. It is found that the Li codoping into Ni0.98Fe0.02O significantly increases the saturation magnetic moment by a factor of 2, i.e., from 0.32μB/Fe rising to 0.67μB/Fe. The x-ray absorption fine structure spectral analyses at Fe and O K edge reveal that in both samples, the impurities are substitutionally incorporated into the NiO host. The first-principles calculations show that substitutionally doping Li ions into NiO leads to a strong hybridization between the Fe 3d states and the spin-split acceptor band at the Fermi level. As a result, the Fe 3d electron configuration is altered and the effective magnetic moment per Fe ion is enhanced.
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75.70.Ak Magnetic properties of monolayers and thin films
68.55.-a Thin film structure and morphology
81.15.Fg Pulsed laser ablation deposition
75.30.Cr Saturation moments and magnetic susceptibilities
78.70.Dm X-ray absorption spectra
75.50.Pp Magnetic semiconductors
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