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18 Feb 2008

Volume 92, Issue 7, Articles (07xxxx)

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Appl. Phys. Lett. 92, 073101 (2008); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2840574 (3 pages)

N. W. Gong, M. Y. Lu, C. Y. Wang, Y. Chen, and L. J. Chen
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GaAs interfacial self-cleaning by atomic layer deposition

C. L. Hinkle, A. M. Sonnet, E. M. Vogel, S. McDonnell, G. J. Hughes, M. Milojevic, B. Lee, F. S. Aguirre-Tostado, K. J. Choi, H. C. Kim, J. Kim, and R. M. Wallace

Appl. Phys. Lett. 92, 071901 (2008); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2883956 (3 pages) | Cited 121 times

Online Publication Date: 19 February 2008

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The reduction and removal of surface oxides from GaAs substrates by atomic layer deposition (ALD) of Al2O3 and HfO2 are studied using in situ monochromatic x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Using the combination of in situ deposition and analysis techniques, the interfacial “self-cleaning” is shown to be oxidation state dependent as well as metal organic precursor dependent. Thermodynamics, charge balance, and oxygen coordination drive the removal of certain species of surface oxides while allowing others to remain. These factors suggest proper selection of surface treatments and ALD precursors can result in selective interfacial bonding arrangements.
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81.15.-z Methods of deposition of films and coatings; film growth and epitaxy
82.30.-b Specific chemical reactions; reaction mechanisms
79.60.Bm Clean metal, semiconductor, and insulator surfaces
81.65.Mq Oxidation
65.40.G- Other thermodynamical quantities
81.65.Cf Surface cleaning, etching, patterning

An analytical model of effective electrical conductivity of carbon nanotube composites

Fei Deng and Quan-Shui Zheng

Appl. Phys. Lett. 92, 071902 (2008); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2857468 (3 pages) | Cited 16 times

Online Publication Date: 19 February 2008

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Experiments on electrical properties of carbon nanotube (CNT) composites have shown that addition of CNTs may greatly enhance the electrical conductivity of the matrix. It has been a key but unresolved issue for years how to develop an analytical model of effective electrical conductivity of CNT composites that takes account of not only the CNT concentration and percolation, but also CNT conductivity anisotropy, aspect ratio, and nonstraightness. Such a model is established in this letter. The model predictions agree well with the measured data available in literatures and are also extended to account the effect of the orientation distribution of CNTs.
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61.46.Fg Nanotubes
72.80.Rj Fullerenes and related materials
73.61.Wp Fullerenes and related materials

First-principles study of the effect of nitrogen vacancies on the decomposition pattern in cubic Ti1−xAlxN1−y

B. Alling, A. Karimi, L. Hultman, and I. A. Abrikosov

Appl. Phys. Lett. 92, 071903 (2008); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2838747 (3 pages) | Cited 9 times

Online Publication Date: 21 February 2008

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The effect of nitrogen substoichiometry on the isostructural phase stabilities of the cubic Ti1−xAlxN1−y system has been investigated using first-principles calculations. The preferred isostructural decomposition pattern in these metastable solid solutions was predicted from the total energy calculations on a dense concentration grid. Close to the stoichiometric Ti1−xAlxN1 limit, N vacancies increase the tendency for phase separation as N sticks to Al while the vacancies prefers Ti neighbors. For nitrogen depleated conditions, N sticks to Ti forming TiNδ (0<δ<1) while Al tends to form nitrogen-free fcc-Al or Al–Ti alloys.
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61.72.jd Vacancies
61.66.Bi Elemental solids
61.66.Dk Alloys
64.75.Nx Phase separation and segregation in solid solutions

Role of charge-transfer states of Cr3+ in creation and annihilation of light-induced polarons in LiNbO3:Cr3+, MgO crystals

S. Kobyakov, A. Suchocki, L. Arizmendi, and F. Jaque

Appl. Phys. Lett. 92, 071904 (2008); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2884265 (3 pages)

Online Publication Date: 21 February 2008

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It is shown that Cr impurity takes a crucial role in the process of creation of hole O− and electron NbNb4+ polarons by the UV light in LiNbO3:Cr crystal codoped with MgO above threshold concentration. Thermal stability of both types of polarons shows that they are created and they annihilate simultaneously with each other in such crystals.
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71.38.-k Polarons and electron-phonon interactions
71.55.Ht Other nonmetals
78.60.Kn Thermoluminescence

Crystal rotation in Cu single crystal micropillars: In situ Laue and electron backscatter diffraction

R. Maaß, S. Van Petegem, D. Grolimund, H. Van Swygenhoven, D. Kiener, and G. Dehm

Appl. Phys. Lett. 92, 071905 (2008); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2884688 (3 pages) | Cited 31 times

Online Publication Date: 21 February 2008

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In situ microdiffraction experiments were conducted on focused ion beam machined single crystal Cu pillars oriented for double slip. During deformation, the crystal undergoes lattice rotation on both the primary and critical slip system. In spite of the initial homogeneous microstructure of the Cu pillar, rotation sets in already at yield and is more important at the top of the pillar than at the bottom, demonstrating the inhomogeneous stress state during a microcompression experiment. The rotation results are confirmed by electron backscatter diffraction measurements.
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61.72.Hh Indirect evidence of dislocations and other defects (resistivity, slip, creep, strains, internal friction, EPR, NMR, etc.)
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