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17 Nov 2008

Volume 93, Issue 20, Articles (20xxxx)

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Appl. Phys. Lett. 93, 201101 (2008); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3025818 (3 pages)

W. Dai and C. M. Soukoulis
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Universal scaling in wildfire fractal propagation

Bernard Porterie, Ahmed Kaiss, Jean-Pierre Clerc, Lotfi Zekri, and Nouredine Zekri

Appl. Phys. Lett. 93, 204101 (2008); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3030980 (3 pages) | Cited 3 times

Online Publication Date: 19 November 2008

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A small-world network model is proposed to predict wildfire behavior near critical propagation conditions. It includes long-range connections due to flame radiation and a weighting procedure based on times of degradation and combustion of vegetation. Scaling laws are found universal near the propagation transition. For isotropic propagation, the critical behavior of the usual percolation theory is recovered, whereas, for anisotropic conditions due to wind and/or topography, propagation is fractal with a dimension of 1.3 and a critical exponent of the correlation length of 1.7, following the extrapolation for Euclidian systems. The exponent value agrees well with that of directed percolation.
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89.75.Da Systems obeying scaling laws
89.75.Hc Networks and genealogical trees
05.45.Df Fractals
05.50.+q Lattice theory and statistics (Ising, Potts, etc.)
89.60.-k Environmental studies

High shear rheology of shear banding fluids in microchannels

Philippe Nghe, Guillaume Degré, Patrick Tabeling, and Armand Ajdari

Appl. Phys. Lett. 93, 204102 (2008); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3026740 (3 pages) | Cited 12 times

Online Publication Date: 20 November 2008

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We characterize heterogeneous flows of a wormlike micelles solution in microchannels. Combining a pressure resistant microfabrication technology and a performant particle image velocimetry setup, we succeed in determining the nonlinear rheology of this fluid over 4 decades in shear rate and in particular more than 1 decade beyond the end of the stress plateau. We performed an independent measurement of the slip length with 1 μm resolution.
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07.10.Cm Micromechanical devices and systems
47.60.Dx Flows in ducts and channels
82.70.Dd Colloids
47.57.Qk Rheological aspects
47.80.Cb Velocity measurements
47.45.Gx Slip flows and accommodation
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