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24 Nov 2008

Volume 93, Issue 21, Articles (21xxxx)

Issue Cover Spotlight Figure

Appl. Phys. Lett. 93, 214101 (2008); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3025819 (3 pages)

Brian Abbey, Garth J. Williams, Mark A. Pfeifer, Jesse N. Clark, Corey T. Putkunz, Angela Torrance, Ian McNulty, T. M. Levin, Andrew G. Peele, and Keith A Nugent
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Narrow-band deep-ultraviolet light emitting device using Al1−xGdxN

Takashi Kita, Shinya Kitayama, Masashi Kawamura, Osamu Wada, Yoshitaka Chigi, Yoshihiro Kasai, Tetsuro Nishimoto, Hiroyuki Tanaka, and Mikihiro Kobayashi

Appl. Phys. Lett. 93, 211901 (2008); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3028341 (3 pages) | Cited 4 times

Online Publication Date: 24 November 2008

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We demonstrated mercury-free narrow-band deep-ultraviolet luminescence from field-emission devices with Al1−xGdxN thin films. The Al1−xGdxN thin films were grown on fused silica substrates by a radio frequency reactive magnetron sputtering method. The deposited film shows a strong c-axis preferential orientation. A resolution limited, narrow intra-4f luminescence line from Gd3+ ions has been observed at 315 nm. The luminescence spectrum depends on the growth temperature of the thin film, and the intensity varies as a function of the GdN mole fraction.
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85.60.Jb Light-emitting devices
81.15.Cd Deposition by sputtering
81.05.Ea III-V semiconductors
78.66.Fd III-V semiconductors

Synthesis and photoluminescence characteristics of color-tunable BaY2ZnO5:Eu3+ phosphors

Chih-Hao Liang, Yee-Cheng Chang, and Yee-Shin Chang

Appl. Phys. Lett. 93, 211902 (2008); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2998299 (3 pages) | Cited 28 times

Online Publication Date: 25 November 2008

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Color-tunable phosphors of BaY2−xEuxZnO5 (x = 0.001–0.9) were synthesized using a vibrating milled solid state reaction. The results indicate that the emission spectra of BaY2−xEuxZnO5 samples excited at 395 nm exhibit a series of shaped peaks assigned to the 5D0→7FJ (J = 0,1,2,3,4) transitions. Luminescence from the higher excited states, such as 5D1, 5D2, and 5D3, were also observed even though the Eu3+ concentration was up to x = 0.2. The chromaticity coordinate of BaY2−xEuxZnO5 phosphors varies with the Eu3+-doped concentrations from blue, white, to red, and which may be potentially applicable as a white light emitting phosphor for ultraviolet light emitting diodes.
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81.05.Je Ceramics and refractories (including borides, carbides, hydrides, nitrides, oxides, and silicides)
81.20.Ev Powder processing: powder metallurgy, compaction, sintering, mechanical alloying, and granulation
81.20.Wk Machining, milling
78.55.Hx Other solid inorganic materials

Optical response from lenslike semiconductor nipple arrays

H.-M. Wu, C.-M. Lai, and L.-H. Peng

Appl. Phys. Lett. 93, 211903 (2008); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3036629 (3 pages) | Cited 10 times

Online Publication Date: 25 November 2008

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The authors reported the use of recessive size reduction in self-assembled polystyrene sphere mask with anisotropic etching to form lenslike nipple arrays onto the surface of silicon and gallium nitride. These devices are shown to exhibit a filling factor near to an ideal close-packed condition and paraboloidlike etch profile with slope increased proportionally to the device aspect ratio. Specular reflectivity of less than 3% was observed over the visible spectral range for the 0.35-μm-period nipple-lens arrays. Using two-dimensional rigorous coupled-wave analysis, the latter phenomenon can be ascribed to a gradual index matching mechanism accessed by a high surface-coverage semiconductor nipple array structure.
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81.65.Cf Surface cleaning, etching, patterning
78.20.Ci Optical constants (including refractive index, complex dielectric constant, absorption, reflection and transmission coefficients, emissivity)
78.40.Me Organic compounds and polymers
61.41.+e Polymers, elastomers, and plastics
85.40.Hp Lithography, masks and pattern transfer

Enhanced fluorescence from Eu3+ in low-loss silica glass-ceramic waveguides with high SnO2 content

S. N. B. Bhaktha, F. Beclin, M. Bouazaoui, B. Capoen, A. Chiasera, M. Ferrari, C. Kinowski, G. C. Righini, O. Robbe, and S. Turrell

Appl. Phys. Lett. 93, 211904 (2008); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3037224 (3 pages) | Cited 9 times

Online Publication Date: 25 November 2008

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We report on the sol-gel fabrication and characterization of (100−x)SiO2–xSnO2 (x = 8, 16, and 25 mol %) glass-ceramic waveguides doped with 1 mol % Eu3+. A suitable top-down thermal process led to the formation of SnO2 nanocrystals ∼ 4 nm embedding Eu3+ ions. The excitation spectra evidence the role of interband electronic transition of SnO2 nanocrystals on the luminescence of Eu3+. Monitoring the 5D0→7F2 Eu3+ emission, we observe about 15 times increase in the intensity of SnO2 absorption band, moving from x = 8 to 25 mol %. These waveguides also exhibit low losses, making them quite promising for development of high-gain integrated optical amplifiers.
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42.79.Gn Optical waveguides and couplers

A model for debris clouds produced by impact of hypervelocity projectiles on multiplate structures

Qingming Zhang, Renrong Long, Fenglei Huang, Li Chen, and Yuesheng Fu

Appl. Phys. Lett. 93, 211905 (2008); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3029747 (3 pages)

Online Publication Date: 25 November 2008

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Hypervelocity impact of spherical and cylindrical projectiles on multipate shields at velocities between 4 and 6 km/s was investigated experimentally. A model was developed to describe the motion of the debris clouds generated. Good agreement was obtained between the experimental and simulation results. The model is capable of predicting damage induced by the impact and can be applied to the optimization and design of multiplate shields.
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46.70.De Beams, plates, and shells
45.40.Gj Ballistics (projectiles; rockets)
46.55.+d Tribology and mechanical contacts
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