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1 Dec 2008

Volume 93, Issue 22, Articles (22xxxx)

Issue Cover Spotlight Figure

Appl. Phys. Lett. 93, 221101 (2008); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3036234 (3 pages)

Soon Moon Jeong, Na Young Ha, Mu Guen Chee, Fumito Araoka, Ken Ishikawa, Hideo Takezoe, Suzushi Nishimura, and Goro Suzaki
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Light-emitting polymer space-charge-limited transistor

Chun-Yu Chen, Yu-Chiang Chao, Hsin-Fei Meng, and Sheng-Fu Horng

Appl. Phys. Lett. 93, 223301 (2008); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3027057 (3 pages) | Cited 3 times

Online Publication Date: 1 December 2008

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Polymer light-emitting transistor is realized by vertically stacking a top-emitting polymer light-emitting diode on a polymer space-charge-limited transistor. The transistor modulates the current flow of the light-emitting diode by the metal-grid base voltage. The active semiconductor of the transistor is poly(3-hexylthiophene). Yellow poly(para-phenylene vinylene) derivative is used as the yellow emitting material. As the cathode is fixed at −12 V and the grid base voltage varies from 0.9 to −0.9 V the light emission is turned on and off with on luminance up to 1208 cd/m2. The current efficiency of the light-emitting transistor is 10 cd/A.
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85.60.Jb Light-emitting devices
85.30.Tv Field effect devices
85.30.Fg Bulk semiconductor and conductivity oscillation devices (including Hall effect devices, space-charge-limited devices, and Gunn effect devices)
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Ground-state charge-transfer complex formation in hybrid poly(3-hexyl thiophene):titanium dioxide solar cells

I. Haeldermans, K. Vandewal, W. D. Oosterbaan, A. Gadisa, J. D’Haen, M. K. Van Bael, J. V. Manca, and J. Mullens

Appl. Phys. Lett. 93, 223302 (2008); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3041633 (3 pages) | Cited 7 times

Online Publication Date: 1 December 2008

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The existence of a ground-state charge-transfer (CT) complex in a conjugated polymer:metal oxide nanoparticle bulk heterojunction photovoltaic cell is demonstrated by Fourier-transform photocurrent spectroscopy (FTPS). The CT complex between poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) is characterized by a weak additional photocurrent band (onset 1 eV) in the FTPS spectra, situated below the conjugated polymer bandgap of 2 eV. The presence of CT interaction between P3HT and TiO2 in relation to frontier orbital alignment is discussed, as well as the contribution of a sub-bandgap interfacial CT state to the electron transfer process in P3HT:TiO2 solar cells.
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84.60.Jt Photoelectric conversion
73.61.Ph Polymers; organic compounds
72.40.+w Photoconduction and photovoltaic effects
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Step-bunched Bi-terminated Si(111) surfaces as a nanoscale orientation template for quasisingle crystalline epitaxial growth of thin film phase pentacene

Toshihiro Shimada, Manabu Ohtomo, Tadamasa Suzuki, Tetsuya Hasegawa, Keiji Ueno, Susumu Ikeda, Koichiro Saiki, Miho Sasaki, and Katsuhiko Inaba

Appl. Phys. Lett. 93, 223303 (2008); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3040309 (3 pages) | Cited 4 times

Online Publication Date: 2 December 2008

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We developed a nanoscale orientation template for quasisingle crystalline epitaxial growth of thin film phase pentacene. By using α-math×math Bi termination of surface dangling bonds on step-bunched vicinal surface of Si(111), thin film phase epitaxial pentacene was grown with the crystal axes aligned to the surface steps. Alignment occurred when the step height was higher than the molecular height. The mechanism of the alignment was examined by calculating the energy of the crystal edge.
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68.55.ag Semiconductors
68.35.bg Semiconductors
85.30.Tv Field effect devices
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Transparent and conductive electrodes based on unpatterned, thin metal films

Brendan O’Connor, Chelsea Haughn, Kwang-Hyup An, Kevin P. Pipe, and Max Shtein

Appl. Phys. Lett. 93, 223304 (2008); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3028046 (3 pages) | Cited 45 times

Online Publication Date: 4 December 2008

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Transparent electrodes composed of ultrathin, unpatterned metal films are investigated in planar heterojunction (PHJ) and bulk heterojunction organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells. Optimal electrode composition and thickness are deduced from electrical and optical models and experiments, enabling a PHJ-OPV cell to be realized using a silver anode, achieving power conversion efficiency parity with an analogous cell that uses an indium tin oxide anode. Beneficial aspects of smooth, unpatterned metal films as transparent electrodes in OPV cells are also discussed in the text.
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84.60.Jt Photoelectric conversion
73.40.Lq Other semiconductor-to-semiconductor contacts, p-n junctions, and heterojunctions
85.60.-q Optoelectronic devices
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Field-effect transistor fabricated with nickel(II) etioporphyrin-I micrometer-sized crystals

Zong-Xiang Xu, Hai-Feng Xiang, V. A. L. Roy, Stephen Sin-Yin Chui, Chi-Ming Che, and P. T. Lai

Appl. Phys. Lett. 93, 223305 (2008); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3040319 (3 pages) | Cited 2 times

Online Publication Date: 4 December 2008

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We fabricated a field-effect transistor using micrometer-sized crystals (10–40 μm) of nickel(II) etioporphyrin-I NiOX as active material. Microwires and micrometer-sized crystals of NiOX were obtained by heating NiOX thin film under high vacuum. Through this method, traps due to solvent molecules could be avoided. The transistor fabricated with these micrometer-sized crystals has a hole mobility of 0.15±0.03 cm2 V−1 s−1, which is two orders of magnitude higher than that obtained with the thin film structure (1.1×10−3 cm2 V−1 s−1).
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85.30.Tv Field effect devices
73.50.Dn Low-field transport and mobility; piezoresistance
81.40.Gh Other heat and thermomechanical treatments
81.16.Dn Self-assembly
73.61.Ph Polymers; organic compounds
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Bulk photoconductive gain in pentacene thin films

J. Gao and F. A. Hegmann

Appl. Phys. Lett. 93, 223306 (2008); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3043431 (3 pages) | Cited 19 times

Online Publication Date: 5 December 2008

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Bulk photoconductive gain greater than 16 is observed in pentacene thin films deposited onto coplanar interdigitated-electrode photodetector structures. The gain is highest at low light intensity but decreases at higher light intensity due to trap filling effects. The internal photogeneration quantum efficiency is found to be independent of wavelength below the absorption edge with the onset of photocurrent yield occurring at the absorption edge of the film.
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72.40.+w Photoconduction and photovoltaic effects
72.80.Le Polymers; organic compounds (including organic semiconductors)
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