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12 Jan 2009

Volume 94, Issue 2, Articles (02xxxx)

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Appl. Phys. Lett. 94, 022101 (2009); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3065067 (3 pages)

Hong Li and Qing Zhang
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Epitaxial SmCo5 thin films with perpendicular anisotropy

M. Seifert, V. Neu, and L. Schultz

Appl. Phys. Lett. 94, 022501 (2009); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3068503 (3 pages) | Cited 8 times

Online Publication Date: 12 January 2009

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Epitaxial SmCo5 thin films with strong perpendicular magnetic anisotropy have been developed by pulsed laser deposition on heated Ru buffered Al2O3(0001) substrates. Pole figure measurements on thicker films reveal the existence of two epitaxial variants, 30° in-plane rotated to each other, which reduces to a single epitaxial relation for smaller film thickness. The presence of a single SmCo5 phase with perpendicular direction of the c-axis is established by multiple peak analysis of x-ray data in pole figure geometry and is confirmed by a numerical fit of hysteresis measurements, which results in an anisotropy constant of Ku = 7.6 MJ/m3.
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75.30.Gw Magnetic anisotropy
81.15.Fg Pulsed laser ablation deposition
75.60.Ej Magnetization curves, hysteresis, Barkhausen and related effects
75.50.Ww Permanent magnets
68.55.jd Thickness
75.70.Ak Magnetic properties of monolayers and thin films

Investigation of field-induced ferromagnetism in Pd–Ni–Fe–P metallic glass by x-ray magnetic circular dichroism

D. H. Yu, J. Duriavig, N. Loh, R. Woodward, H. J. Lin, F. H. Chang, S. H. Kilcoyne, A. Stampfl, and R. A. Robinson

Appl. Phys. Lett. 94, 022502 (2009); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3070528 (3 pages)

Online Publication Date: 13 January 2009

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We have applied x-ray magnetic circular dichroism to investigate the field-induced ferromagnetism in Pd40Ni22.5Fe17.5P20 alloy. The experiment revealed that both Ni and Fe were in a divalent state and that the magnetic properties of the material were determined by the localized 3d electrons of the transition metals. No clear evidence of Ruderman–Kittel–Kasuya–Yosida-type interaction among magnetic clusters was observed. It is believed that the detailed balance of fundamental spin-orbit and exchange interactions as a function of temperature and applied magnetic field determine the different magnetic properties of the alloy.
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75.30.Cr Saturation moments and magnetic susceptibilities
78.20.Ls Magneto-optical effects
71.70.Gm Exchange interactions
75.30.Et Exchange and superexchange interactions
61.43.Fs Glasses
75.50.Bb Fe and its alloys
71.70.Ej Spin-orbit coupling, Zeeman and Stark splitting, Jahn-Teller effect

Impurity control in Co-doped ZnO films through modifying cooling atmosphere

Yinglin Liu and Judith L. MacManus-Driscoll

Appl. Phys. Lett. 94, 022503 (2009); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3068753 (3 pages) | Cited 10 times

Online Publication Date: 15 January 2009

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In order to understand the role of impurities in Co-doped ZnO, while at the same time minimizing the possibility of Co nanocluster formation, Zn1−xCoxO films were grown under relatively oxidizing conditions and then cooled under either N2 or air. Up to the highest doping level x = 0.04, after cooling in N2 no measurable second phases were found whereas after cooling in air, ZnCo2O4 (nonferromagnetic at room temperature) appeared even for the lowest doping level x = 0.0015. In addition, stronger ferromagnetism was observed in the N2 cooled samples, indicating an intrinsic origin to the ferromagnetism in Zn1−xCoxO.
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71.55.Gs II-VI semiconductors
68.55.Ln Defects and impurities: doping, implantation, distribution, concentration, etc.
75.50.Dd Nonmetallic ferromagnetic materials
75.70.Ak Magnetic properties of monolayers and thin films
75.30.Hx Magnetic impurity interactions
75.50.Pp Magnetic semiconductors

Magnetic anisotropy modulation of magnetite in Fe3O4/BaTiO3(100) epitaxial structures

C. A. F. Vaz, J. Hoffman, A.-B. Posadas, and C. H. Ahn

Appl. Phys. Lett. 94, 022504 (2009); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3069280 (3 pages) | Cited 17 times

Online Publication Date: 15 January 2009

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Temperature dependent magnetometry and transport measurements on epitaxial Fe3O4 films grown on BaTiO3(100) single crystals by molecular beam epitaxy show a series of discontinuities, due to changes in the magnetic anisotropy induced by strain from the different crystal phases of BaTiO3. The magnetite film is under tensile strain at room temperature, which is ascribed to the lattice expansion of BaTiO3 at the cubic to tetragonal transition, indicating that the magnetite film is relaxed at the growth temperature. From the magnetization versus temperature curves, the variation in the magnetic anisotropy is determined and compared with the magnetoelastic anisotropies. These results demonstrate the possibility of using the piezoelectric response of BaTiO3 to modulate the magnetic anisotropy of magnetite films.
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75.30.Gw Magnetic anisotropy
75.70.Cn Magnetic properties of interfaces (multilayers, superlattices, heterostructures)
77.65.-j Piezoelectricity and electromechanical effects
68.60.Bs Mechanical and acoustical properties
81.15.Hi Molecular, atomic, ion, and chemical beam epitaxy

Quadrupolar magnetic actuation of superparamagnetic particles for enhanced microfluidic perfusion

Yves Moser, Thomas Lehnert, and Martin A. M. Gijs

Appl. Phys. Lett. 94, 022505 (2009); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3072592 (3 pages) | Cited 12 times

Online Publication Date: 16 January 2009

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We report on the magnetic actuation of superparamagnetic particles in a microfluidic channel. The formation of a highly confined and dynamic plug of particles extending over the cross section of the microchannel is enabled by superposing a static and a time-varying magnetic field. The latter is generated by an electromagnet and focused across the microchannel using microstructured soft magnetic tips. Finite element calculations of the magnetic force distribution do compare well with experiments. Our system allows maximizing the exposure of superparamagnetic particles to a microfluidic flow of interest for integrated lab-on-a-chip applications.
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75.50.Tt Fine-particle systems; nanocrystalline materials
75.20.-g Diamagnetism, paramagnetism, and superparamagnetism
47.85.Np Fluidics
47.60.Dx Flows in ducts and channels
02.70.Dh Finite-element and Galerkin methods
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