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14 Sep 2009

Volume 95, Issue 11, Articles (11xxxx)

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Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 113101 (2009); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3197646 (3 pages)

Jesse J. Cole, En-Chiang Lin, Chad R. Barry, and Heiko O. Jacobs
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Engineering double-shifted hysteresis loops in Co/IrMn/Cu/Co films

R. Cichelero, L. G. Pereira, T. Dias, J. E. Schmidt, C. Deranlot, F. Petroff, and J. Geshev

Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 112501 (2009); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3227840 (3 pages) | Cited 3 times

Online Publication Date: 15 September 2009

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Co(3 nm)/IrMn(15 nm)/Cu(dCu)/Co(7 nm) films were subjected to magnetic annealing where its temperature and duration as well as the direction and amplitude of the applied field were varied. We demonstrate that the exchange-bias field magnitude and sign of the subloop of the bottom-pinned Co layer can be tailored in a controlled manner allowing the whole hysteresis loop to be tuned from a double negatively/negatively shifted to a double negatively/positively shifted with the shifts of the subloops in antiphase.
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75.60.Ej Magnetization curves, hysteresis, Barkhausen and related effects
75.30.Et Exchange and superexchange interactions
75.60.Nt Magnetic annealing and temperature-hysteresis effects
75.70.Cn Magnetic properties of interfaces (multilayers, superlattices, heterostructures)

Wide range and tunable linear magnetic tunnel junction sensor using two exchange pinned electrodes

B. Negulescu, D. Lacour, F. Montaigne, A. Gerken, J. Paul, V. Spetter, J. Marien, C. Duret, and M. Hehn

Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 112502 (2009); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3226676 (3 pages) | Cited 6 times

Online Publication Date: 16 September 2009

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A magnetic tunnel junction sensor with both the detection and the reference layers pinned by IrMn is fabricated. Using the differences in the blocking temperatures of the IrMn films with different thicknesses, crossed anisotropies can be induced between the detection and the reference electrodes. The pinning of the sensing electrode ensures a linear and reversible output. It also allows tuning both the sensitivity and the linear range of the sensor. The sensitivity varies linearly with the ferromagnetic thickness of the detection electrode. It is demonstrated that an increased thickness leads to a rise of sensitivity and a reduction of the operating range.
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75.70.Cn Magnetic properties of interfaces (multilayers, superlattices, heterostructures)
75.50.Bb Fe and its alloys
75.50.Ee Antiferromagnetics
75.30.Gw Magnetic anisotropy

Effect of the introduction of H atoms on magnetic properties and magnetic entropy change in metamagnetic Heusler alloys Ni–Mn–In

F. X. Hu, J. Wang, L. Chen, J. L. Zhao, J. R. Sun, and B. G. Shen

Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 112503 (2009); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3229890 (3 pages) | Cited 2 times

Online Publication Date: 16 September 2009

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By hydrogen insertion into Ni51Mn49−xInx (x = 16.2,16.6) Heusler alloys, the interstitial compounds Ni51Mn49−xInxHδ were fabricated. The introduction of H atoms does not change the L21 structure of the alloys but shifts martensitic temperature (TM) to lower temperature. Magnetic measurements indicated the hydrogenated Ni51Mn49−xInxHδ compounds retain the metamagnetic properties although the ferromagnetic behavior of martensitic phases is slightly enhanced due to the introduction of H atoms. The strong metamagnetic behaviors result in large magnetocaloric effect (MCE). By controlling H content an extended temperature range having large MCE can be achieved.
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75.30.Sg Magnetocaloric effect, magnetic cooling
61.72.jj Interstitials
75.50.Dd Nonmetallic ferromagnetic materials
75.30.Kz Magnetic phase boundaries (including classical and quantum magnetic transitions, metamagnetism, etc.)
81.20.-n Methods of materials synthesis and materials processing
75.60.Ej Magnetization curves, hysteresis, Barkhausen and related effects
81.30.Kf Martensitic transformations
65.40.gd Entropy

Effect of biaxial strain on the electrical and magnetic properties of (001) La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 thin films

C. Adamo, X. Ke, H. Q. Wang, H. L. Xin, T. Heeg, M. E. Hawley, W. Zander, J. Schubert, P. Schiffer, D. A. Muller, L. Maritato, and D. G. Schlom

Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 112504 (2009); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3213346 (3 pages) | Cited 30 times

Online Publication Date: 17 September 2009

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We have studied the effect of biaxial strain on thin films of (001) La0.7Sr0.3MnO3. We deposited films by reactive molecular-beam epitaxy on different single crystalline substrates, varying the substrate-induced biaxial strain from −2.3% to +3.2%. Magnetization and electrical transport measurements reveal that the dependence of the Curie temperature on biaxial strain is in very good agreement with the theoretical predictions of Millis et al. [J. Appl. Phys. 83, 1588 (1998) ].
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75.60.Ej Magnetization curves, hysteresis, Barkhausen and related effects
75.30.Kz Magnetic phase boundaries (including classical and quantum magnetic transitions, metamagnetism, etc.)
81.15.Hi Molecular, atomic, ion, and chemical beam epitaxy
68.55.aj Insulators
73.61.Ng Insulators
72.20.My Galvanomagnetic and other magnetotransport effects

Enhancement of the magnetotransport and magnetoresistive anisotropy in Sm0.55Sr0.45MnO3/Nd0.55Sr0.45MnO3 bilayers

M. Egilmez, M. Abdelhadi, Z. Salman, K. H. Chow, and J. Jung

Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 112505 (2009); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3231441 (3 pages) | Cited 6 times

Online Publication Date: 17 September 2009

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In a sharp contrast to bulk Sm0.55Sr0.45MnO3 (SSMO) the SSMO films grown on LaAlO3 and SrTiO3 substrates exhibit insulating behavior with a negligible magnetoresistive effect. However, when these films are buffered by a thin layer of Nd0.55Sr0.45MnO3 a large low field magnetoresistance along with the bulklike properties are observed. These results are reproducible and suggest that the low field magnetoresistance and magnetoresistive anisotropy could be enhanced dramatically in multilayered manganite films. These changes are attributed to the differences in the strain states of these films.
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73.50.Jt Galvanomagnetic and other magnetotransport effects (including thermomagnetic effects)
75.70.Cn Magnetic properties of interfaces (multilayers, superlattices, heterostructures)
81.15.Cd Deposition by sputtering
75.70.Ak Magnetic properties of monolayers and thin films
75.47.Lx Magnetic oxides
75.30.Gw Magnetic anisotropy

Ab initio study of ferroelectric and nonlinear optical performance in BiFeO3 ultrathin films

Sheng Ju and Tian-Yi Cai

Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 112506 (2009); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3232215 (3 pages) | Cited 2 times

Online Publication Date: 17 September 2009

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Density functional theory within the local density approximation plus on-site Coulomb repulsion is applied to investigate the crystal structure, electronic structure, multiferroism, linear, and nonlinear optical response in BiFeO3 ultrathin films, which are fabricated via epitaxial growth on (001)-oriented SrTiO3 substrates and have a strained P4mm phase. Born effective charges are calculated within the Berry-phase method and the spontaneous electric polarization is found to be 79 μC/cm2. The second-harmonic generation susceptibility, which can reach 7.5×10−7 esu, undergoes a substantial change between different magnetic orderings. Our calculations demonstrate the existence of robust ferroelectric distortion and nonlinear optical response in these ultrathin films.
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77.80.-e Ferroelectricity and antiferroelectricity
71.15.Mb Density functional theory, local density approximation, gradient and other corrections
61.66.Fn Inorganic compounds
42.65.Ky Frequency conversion; harmonic generation, including higher-order harmonic generation
81.15.-z Methods of deposition of films and coatings; film growth and epitaxy
77.22.Ej Polarization and depolarization
71.20.Ps Other inorganic compounds
68.55.-a Thin film structure and morphology
78.66.Nk Insulators
77.55.-g Dielectric thin films

Pumping properties of the hybrid single-electron transistor in dissipative environment

S. V. Lotkhov, A. Kemppinen, S. Kafanov, J. P. Pekola, and A. B. Zorin

Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 112507 (2009); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3227839 (3 pages) | Cited 7 times

Online Publication Date: 17 September 2009

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Pumping characteristics were studied of a hybrid normal-metal/superconductor single-electron transistor embedded in high-Ohmic environment. Two 3 μm long microstrip resistors of CrOx with a sum resistance R ≈ 80 kΩ were placed adjacent to the transistor. Substantial improvement of pumping and a reduction of the subgap leakage were observed in the low-megahertz range. At higher frequencies (0.1–1 GHz), pumping performance deteriorated compared to reference devices without resistors by the slowdown of tunneling and by electronic heating.
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85.35.Gv Single electron devices

Memristive switching of MgO based magnetic tunnel junctions

Patryk Krzysteczko, Günter Reiss, and Andy Thomas

Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 112508 (2009); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3224193 (3 pages) | Cited 19 times

Online Publication Date: 17 September 2009

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Here we demonstrate that both, tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) and resistive switching (RS), can be observed simultaneously in nanoscale magnetic tunnel junctions. The devices show bipolar RS of 6% and TMR ratios of about 100%. For each magnetic state, multiple resistive states are created depending on the bias history, which provides a method for multibit data storage and logic. The electronic transport measurements are discussed in the framework of a memristive system. Differently prepared MgO barriers are compared to gain insight into the switching mechanism.
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75.47.Pq Other materials
72.60.+g Mixed conductivity and conductivity transitions
85.75.Dd Magnetic memory using magnetic tunnel junctions
75.50.Tt Fine-particle systems; nanocrystalline materials

Excitation of microwaveguide modes by a stripe antenna

Vladislav E. Demidov, Mikhail P. Kostylev, Karsten Rott, Patryk Krzysteczko, Guenter Reiss, and Sergej O. Demokritov

Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 112509 (2009); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3231875 (3 pages) | Cited 19 times

Online Publication Date: 18 September 2009

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We have studied experimentally the excitation of propagating spin-wave modes of a microscopic Permalloy-film waveguide by a stripe antenna. We show that due to the strong quantization of the spin-wave spectrum, the excitation of particular modes has essentially different frequency dependencies leading to a nonmonotonous variation of the modulation depth of the resulting spin-wave beam as a function of the excitation frequency. In addition, we address the effect of nonreciprocity of spin-wave excitation and found that for the case of Permalloy microwaveguides this effect is much weaker pronounced than for waveguides made from dielectric magnetic films with low saturation magnetization.
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84.40.Ba Antennas: theory, components and accessories

The magnetic properties of Bi(Fe0.95Co0.05)O3 ceramics

Qingyu Xu, Haifa Zai, D. Wu, T. Qiu, and M. X. Xu

Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 112510 (2009); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3233944 (3 pages) | Cited 26 times

Online Publication Date: 18 September 2009

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Bi(Fe0.95Co0.05)O3 bulk ceramics were prepared by rapid sintering using sol-gel derived fine powders. Bi(Fe0.95Co0.05)O3 crystallized in a rhombohedrally distorted BiFeO3 structure with compressive lattice distortion induced by the Co substitution at Fe sites from Raman study. Compared with BiFeO3 prepared under similar conditions, the magnetic properties were significantly enhanced, with saturate magnetization of 1.6 emu/g and remnant magnetization of 0.7 emu/g at 300 K. Clear metamagnetism was observed in Bi(Fe0.95Co0.05)O3.
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75.60.Ej Magnetization curves, hysteresis, Barkhausen and related effects
81.20.Ev Powder processing: powder metallurgy, compaction, sintering, mechanical alloying, and granulation
78.30.Hv Other nonmetallic inorganics
61.66.Fn Inorganic compounds
77.80.-e Ferroelectricity and antiferroelectricity
75.50.Ee Antiferromagnetics
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