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21 Sep 2009

Volume 95, Issue 12, Articles (12xxxx)

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Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 121104 (2009); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3231448 (3 pages)

E. H. Khoo, I. Ahmed, and E. P. Li
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Fabrication of the gating nanopore device

Masateru Taniguchi, Makusu Tsutsui, Kazumichi Yokota, and Tomoji Kawai

Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 123701 (2009); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3236769 (3 pages) | Cited 12 times

Online Publication Date: 22 September 2009

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We synthesized gating nanopores with embedded nanogap electrodes in a solid-state nanopore using an 11-step nanofabrication process. We were able to detect Au nanoparticles passing through a 30-nm-diameter gating nanopore via an electric current between nanoelectrodes. The electric current was proportional to the duration of translocation time. The gating nanopore is expected to be a next-generated nanosystem that can be applied to single-molecule sensors.
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87.85.Rs Nanotechnologies-applications
85.65.+h Molecular electronic devices
81.16.-c Methods of micro- and nanofabrication and processing
85.35.-p Nanoelectronic devices

Observation of polarization-gate based reconstruction quality improvement during the process of turbidity suppression by optical phase conjugation

Meng Cui, Emily J. McDowell, and Changhuei Yang

Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 123702 (2009); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3236836 (3 pages) | Cited 6 times

Online Publication Date: 22 September 2009

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We present experiments that study the impact of polarization selection on the phenomenon of turbidity suppression by optical phase conjugation. Counter to intuition, we discovered that the preferential utilization of multiply scattered light field components over their sparsely scattered counterparts via appropriate polarization selection can lead to better image reconstruction quality. This effect was observed with tissue phantoms and biological tissue sections. The physical origin of this effect and its dependence on scatterer properties are discussed.
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42.65.Jx Beam trapping, self-focusing and defocusing; self-phase modulation
42.30.Wb Image reconstruction; tomography
42.25.Dd Wave propagation in random media

Structures and physiological functions of silica bodies in the epidermis of rice plants

Shigeru Yamanaka, Hiroyuki Takeda, Satoshi Komatsubara, Fuyu Ito, Hisanao Usami, Eiji Togawa, and Katsumi Yoshino

Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 123703 (2009); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3232204 (3 pages) | Cited 3 times

Online Publication Date: 24 September 2009

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We characterized silica structures in the epidermis of rice plant leaves and investigated their physiological functions from optical and mechanical viewpoints. By treating the distribution of silica bodies as a triangular lattice in the xy plane, and performing a theoretical optical analysis on this lattice, we discovered that a reduction in the photonic density of states may inhibit leaves of rice plant from being heated markedly higher than 20 °C. Ladderlike structures in the epidermis were mechanically investigated. These structures are conjectured to inhibit flat leaves from undergoing twisting torsions, which may assist the leaf to absorb sunlight more effectively for photosynthesis.
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61.66.Fn Inorganic compounds
87.15.B- Structure of biomolecules
87.50.W- Optical/infrared radiation effects
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