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28 Sep 2009

Volume 95, Issue 13, Articles (13xxxx)

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Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 131107 (2009); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3236752 (3 pages)

Marcus Eichfelder, Wolfgang-Michael Schulz, Matthias Reischle, Michael Wiesner, Robert Roßbach, Michael Jetter, and Peter Michler
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Nonlinear conductivity of electronic origin in self-doped LaMnO3+δ

B. Fisher, J. Genossar, L. Patlagan, and G. M. Reisner

Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 132501 (2009); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3242008 (3 pages) | Cited 3 times

Online Publication Date: 30 September 2009

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We report on electronic transport measurements on polycrystalline, nonmetallic samples of LaMnO3+δ, in the Ohmic and non-Ohmic regimes. The non-Ohmic regime has been investigated using single current pulses of short duration. The large nonlinearity of the pulsed I-V characteristics is probably of the same origin as that of the nonmetallicity of LaMnO3+δ, that is, disorder introduced by Mn vacancies. The dc I-V characteristics, under similar fields, show much larger nonlinearity and hysteresis, typical of self-heating in samples with activated conductivity.
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72.20.Ht High-field and nonlinear effects
72.20.My Galvanomagnetic and other magnetotransport effects
72.80.Sk Insulators
61.72.jd Vacancies
75.47.Gk Colossal magnetoresistance
75.47.Lx Magnetic oxides

First-principle study on the magnetic properties of six potential half-metallic ferromagnets: C-doped alkaline-earth chalcogenides

J. Liu, L. Chen, H. -N. Dong, and R. -L. Zheng

Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 132502 (2009); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3242013 (3 pages) | Cited 6 times

Online Publication Date: 30 September 2009

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Six half-metallic ferromagnets with NaCl structure, X4CY3 (X = Mg, Ca, and Sr and Y = O and S) are predicted by the first principle calculations based on the density functional theory. The supercell magnetic moments of these ferromagnets are all integer 2.0μB, which are one of important characters of half-metallic ferromagnets. Our calculations indicate that X4CY3 have wide spin gap and potentially have high Curie temperature. C-doping results in the spin-polarization and half-metallicity of these alkaline-earth chalcogenides. The main reason is that there are sp hybridized orbitals in X4CY3, and two outer-shell s-electrons of alkaline-earth ions enter into sp hybridized orbitals in parallel.
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75.30.Cr Saturation moments and magnetic susceptibilities
75.50.Dd Nonmetallic ferromagnetic materials
72.25.-b Spin polarized transport
75.30.Kz Magnetic phase boundaries (including classical and quantum magnetic transitions, metamagnetism, etc.)
75.40.Mg Numerical simulation studies

Timing jitter of cascade switch superconducting nanowire single photon detectors

M. Ejrnaes, A. Casaburi, R. Cristiano, O. Quaranta, S. Marchetti, N. Martucciello, S. Pagano, A. Gaggero, F. Mattioli, R. Leoni, P. Cavalier, and J. -C. Villégier

Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 132503 (2009); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3237172 (3 pages) | Cited 7 times

Online Publication Date: 30 September 2009

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We investigate the timing jitter in parallel superconducting NbN-nanowire single photon detectors based on a cascade switch mechanism. The measured timing jitter is asymmetric and has an oscillatory dependence on bias current. At the highest bias current the full width at half maximum was 1.5 times larger than an on-chip reference meander NbN nanowire. A physical model of the dynamics occurring during cascade switch is developed, that quantitatively accounts for our observations as a consequence of different nanowire critical currents within the detector.
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85.25.Oj Superconducting optical, X-ray, and γ-ray detectors (SIS, NIS, transition edge)
74.25.Sv Critical currents
85.35.-p Nanoelectronic devices
07.57.Kp Bolometers; infrared, submillimeter wave, microwave, and radiowave receivers and detectors

Large reversible magnetocaloric effect caused by two successive magnetic transitions in ErGa compound

J. Chen, B. G. Shen, Q. Y. Dong, F. X. Hu, and J. R. Sun

Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 132504 (2009); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3233925 (3 pages) | Cited 16 times

Online Publication Date: 30 September 2009

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Intermetallic compound ErGa exhibits two successive magnetic transitions: spin-reorientation transition at TSR = 15 K and ferromagnetic-paramagnetic transition at TC = 30 K. Both transitions contribute greatly to the magnetic entropy change (ΔSM), each yielding a significant peak on their ΔSM-T curve and thus a considerable value of refrigerant capacity (RC) without hysteresis loss. For a magnetic field change of 5 T, the maximal values of −ΔSM are 21.3 J/kg K at TC and 16.5 J/kg K at TSR, with an RC value of 494 J/kg. Large reversible magnetocaloric effect and RC indicate the potentiality of ErGa as a candidate magnetic refrigerant at low temperatures.
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75.30.Sg Magnetocaloric effect, magnetic cooling
75.40.Gb Dynamic properties (dynamic susceptibility, spin waves, spin diffusion, dynamic scaling, etc.)
75.30.Kz Magnetic phase boundaries (including classical and quantum magnetic transitions, metamagnetism, etc.)
75.60.Ej Magnetization curves, hysteresis, Barkhausen and related effects
65.40.gd Entropy
07.20.Mc Cryogenics; refrigerators, low-temperature detectors, and other low-temperature equipment

Giant reversible magnetocaloric effect in antiferromagnetic superconductor Dy0.9Tm0.1Ni2B2C compound

Lingwei Li and Katsuhiko Nishimura

Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 132505 (2009); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3240399 (3 pages) | Cited 13 times

Online Publication Date: 30 September 2009

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The magnetic properties and magnetocaloric effect in antiferromagnetic superconductor Dy0.9Tm0.1Ni2B2C compound have been studied. The magnetic phase transition TM ( ∼ 9.2 K) occurs above the superconducting transition temperature Tc ( ∼ 4.5 K). A giant reversible magnetocaloric effect has been observed, which is related to a field-induced first order metamagnetic transition from antiferromagnetic to ferromagnetic state. The values of maximum magnetic entropy change (−ΔSMmax) reach 14.7 and 19.1 J kg−1 K−1 for the field change of 5 and 7 T with no obvious hysteresis loss around 13 K, respectively. These results indicated that Dy0.9Tm0.1Ni2B2C could be a promising candidate for magnetic refrigeration at low temperatures.
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74.25.Ha Magnetic properties including vortex structures and related phenomena
75.50.Ee Antiferromagnetics
74.10.+v Occurrence, potential candidates
75.30.Sg Magnetocaloric effect, magnetic cooling
75.30.Kz Magnetic phase boundaries (including classical and quantum magnetic transitions, metamagnetism, etc.)
74.70.-b Superconducting materials other than cuprates

Crossover of angular dependent magnetoresistance with the metal-insulator transition in colossal magnetoresistive manganite films

Y. Z. Chen, J. R. Sun, T. Y. Zhao, J. Wang, Z. H. Wang, B. G. Shen, and N. Pryds

Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 132506 (2009); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3240407 (3 pages) | Cited 8 times

Online Publication Date: 1 October 2009

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The temperature and magnetic field dependence of angular dependent magnetoresistance (AMR) along two orthogonal directions ([100] and [0math1]) was investigated in a charge-orbital-ordered Sm0.5Ca0.5MnO3 (SCMO) film grown on (011)-oriented SrTiO3 substrates. A dramatic decrease of AMR magnitude in both directions was observed with the appearance of magnetic-field-induced metal-insulator transition, which further led to a sign crossover in the AMR effect. The AMR crossover may give a direct evidence of the drastic modification of electronic structure or possible orbital reconstruction with the magnetic-destruction of charge/orbital ordering in SCMO films.
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75.70.Ak Magnetic properties of monolayers and thin films
71.20.Ps Other inorganic compounds
81.15.Fg Pulsed laser ablation deposition
71.30.+h Metal-insulator transitions and other electronic transitions
75.47.Lx Magnetic oxides
75.47.Gk Colossal magnetoresistance

Epitaxial growth and magnetoelectric relaxor behavior in multiferroic 0.8Pb(Fe1/2Nb1/2)O3–0.2Pb(Mg1/2W1/2)O3 thin films

Wei Peng, N. Lemée, J.-L. Dellis, V. V. Shvartsman, P. Borisov, W. Kleemann, Z. Trontelj, J. Holc, M. Kosec, R. Blinc, and M. G. Karkut

Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 132507 (2009); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3242377 (3 pages) | Cited 5 times

Online Publication Date: 2 October 2009

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We present electric and magnetic properties of 0.8Pb(Fe1/2Nb1/2)O3–0.2Pb(Mg1/2W1/2)O3 films epitaxially grown on (001) SrTiO3 substrates using pulsed laser deposition. A narrow deposition window around 710 °C and 0.2 mbar has been identified to achieve epitaxial single-phase thin films. A typical Vogel–Fulcher relaxorlike dielectric and magnetic susceptibility dispersion is observed, suggesting magnetoelectric relaxor behavior in these films similar to the bulk. We determine a magnetic cluster freezing temperature of 36 K, while observing weak ferromagnetism via magnetic hysteresis loops up to 300 K.
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75.80.+q Magnetomechanical effects, magnetostriction
75.50.Dd Nonmetallic ferromagnetic materials
81.15.Fg Pulsed laser ablation deposition
68.55.-a Thin film structure and morphology
75.70.Ak Magnetic properties of monolayers and thin films
75.60.Ej Magnetization curves, hysteresis, Barkhausen and related effects
77.22.Ch Permittivity (dielectric function)
75.30.Cr Saturation moments and magnetic susceptibilities

Conversion of magnetic structure by slight dopants in geometrically frustrated antiperovskite Mn3GaN

K. Takenaka, T. Inagaki, and H. Takagi

Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 132508 (2009); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3243340 (3 pages) | Cited 6 times

Online Publication Date: 2 October 2009

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We found that a few percent of Fe dopants at the Mn sites alters the antiferromagnetic spin structure of Mn3GaN and induces a first-order antiferromagnetic-ferromagnetic phase transition accompanied by a large volume change. The drastic conversion of the spin alignment originates from phase competition due to a geometrical frustration in the Mn6N octahedron. This result demonstrates that the magnetic and other unique related properties of manganese antiperovskites are controllable by element substitution. Comparing with the ferromagnetic state in Mn3Ga(N1−xCx), we discuss a possible spin structure that accounts for the conversion of the magnetic states.
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75.40.-s Critical-point effects, specific heats, short-range order
75.25.-j Spin arrangements in magnetically ordered materials (including neutron and spin-polarized electron studies, synchrotron-source x-ray scattering, etc.)
75.50.Ee Antiferromagnetics

Suppression of the perpendicular anisotropy at the CoO Néel temperature in exchange-biased CoO/[Co/Pt] multilayers

E. Shipton, K. Chan, T. Hauet, O. Hellwig, and E. E. Fullerton

Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 132509 (2009); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3240402 (3 pages) | Cited 10 times

Online Publication Date: 2 October 2009

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We performed high field torque magnetometry measurements on CoO/[Co/Pt] magnetic multilayers that exhibit perpendicular exchange bias. We find that the antiferromagnet CoO layers strongly modify the uniaxial anisotropy of the multilayer structures. The strongest effects due to the CoO layers occur in the vicinity of the Néel temperature, where we observe a suppression of the first-order anisotropy and a smaller enhancement of the second-order anisotropy. This results in a nonmonotonic variation of the anisotropy with temperature and for selected samples a transition from perpendicular to in-plane and back to perpendicular anisotropy with increasing temperature.
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75.30.Gw Magnetic anisotropy
75.30.Kz Magnetic phase boundaries (including classical and quantum magnetic transitions, metamagnetism, etc.)
75.30.Et Exchange and superexchange interactions
75.70.Cn Magnetic properties of interfaces (multilayers, superlattices, heterostructures)
75.50.Ee Antiferromagnetics

Spin transfer torque switching of magnetic tunnel junctions using a conductive atomic force microscope

Eric R. Evarts, Limin Cao, David S. Ricketts, Nicholas D. Rizzo, James A. Bain, and Sara A. Majetich

Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 132510 (2009); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3240884 (3 pages) | Cited 3 times

Online Publication Date: 2 October 2009

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We show that a nonmagnetic conductive atomic force microscopy probe can be used to read and write magnetic bits using current passed between the tip and bit. The bits were patterned using electron beam lithography from a magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) film with in-plane shape anisotropy using an MgO tunnel barrier. Probes were made having a thick Pt coating and could deliver up to several milliamps, so that MTJ structures were easily switched repeatedly using the spin transfer torque effect.
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85.70.Kh Magnetic thin film devices: magnetic heads (magnetoresistive, inductive, etc.); domain-motion devices, etc.
85.70.Li Other magnetic recording and storage devices (including tapes, disks, and drums)
85.75.Dd Magnetic memory using magnetic tunnel junctions
85.40.Hp Lithography, masks and pattern transfer
72.25.-b Spin polarized transport
85.75.-d Magnetoelectronics; spintronics: devices exploiting spin polarized transport or integrated magnetic fields
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