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9 Nov 2009

Volume 95, Issue 19, Articles (19xxxx)

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Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 193101 (2009); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3258663 (3 pages)

L. Gaudreau, A. Kam, G. Granger, S. A. Studenikin, P. Zawadzki, and A. S. Sachrajda
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Electrical behavior and oxygen vacancies in BiFeO3/[(Bi1/2Na1/2)0.94Ba0.06]TiO3 thin film

Jiagang Wu, Guangqing Kang, and John Wang

Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 192901 (2009); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3259655 (3 pages) | Cited 25 times

Online Publication Date: 9 November 2009

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Multiferroic bilayered thin films consisting of [(Bi1/2Na1/2)0.94Ba0.06]TiO3 (BNBT) and BiFeO3 (BFO) nanolayers were successfully grown on Pt/TiO2/SiO2/Si substrates via a combined sol-gel and radio frequency sputtering route. The bilayered BFO/BNBT thin film with (110) orientation and dense texture exhibits excellent ferroelectric and dielectric behavior (e.g., 2Pr ∼ 79.7 μC/cm2, 2Ec ∼ 772.6 kV/cm, εr ∼ 178, and tan δ ∼ 0.03), together with a long fatigue endurance up to 1×1010 switching cycles, while the desired magnetic behavior is well retained. Impedance study suggested that the second ionization of oxygen vacancies was involved in the conduction of the bilayered BFO/BNBT thin film.
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73.61.Ng Insulators
81.16.-c Methods of micro- and nanofabrication and processing
61.72.jd Vacancies
81.15.Cd Deposition by sputtering
77.55.fe BaTiO3-based films
77.80.Fm Switching phenomena

Locating La atoms in epitaxial Bi3.25La0.75Ti3O12 films through atomic resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy mapping

L. Gunawan, S. Lazar, O. Gautreau, C. Harnagea, A. Pignolet, and G. A. Botton

Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 192902 (2009); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3258491 (3 pages) | Cited 5 times

Online Publication Date: 9 November 2009

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Atomic resolution high-angle annular dark-field imaging of La-doped bismuth titanate (BLT), Bi3.25La0.75Ti3O12, has been carried out with an aberration-corrected transmission electron microscope. The HAADF image revealed the presence of defects in the [Bi2O2]2+ layers and extra atomic rows between the [Bi2O2]2+ layers and the [Bi2Ti3O10]2− perovskite slabs. Electron energy loss spectroscopy elemental mapping at atomic resolution revealed the exact location of La dopants in the bismuth titanate parent unit cell. These results are discussed in terms of large remanent polarization and enhanced fatigue resistance in BLT.
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77.65.-j Piezoelectricity and electromechanical effects
77.80.-e Ferroelectricity and antiferroelectricity
77.22.Ej Polarization and depolarization
61.72.jd Vacancies

Dielectric, ferroelectric, and pyroelectric characterization of Mn-doped 0.74Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–0.26PbTiO3 crystals for infrared detection applications

Linhua Liu, Xiaobing Li, Xiao Wu, Yaojin Wang, Wenning Di, Di Lin, Xiangyong Zhao, Haosu Luo, and Norbert Neumann

Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 192903 (2009); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3263139 (3 pages) | Cited 15 times

Online Publication Date: 11 November 2009

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We investigated the dielectric, ferroelectric, and pyroelectric properties of Mn-doped 0.74Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–0.26PbTiO3 crystals. Compared with pure PMN-0.26PT, Mn substitutions resulted in reduced dielectric loss and enhanced coercive field. Furthermore, the pyroelectric coefficient and detectivity figures of merits were enhanced to 17.2×10−4 C/m2 K and 40.2×10−5 Pa−1/2, respectively, which were the highest values so far reported among intrinsic pyroelectric materials with rhombohedral-tetragonal phase transition temperature greater than 90 °C. The specific detectivity of infrared detector based on Mn-doped crystals was 1.07×109 cm Hz1/2 W−1, and approximately doubles that of commercial LiTaO3 crystals-based, which makes them promising candidates for infrared detectors applications.
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77.84.Ek Niobates and tantalates
77.70.+a Pyroelectric and electrocaloric effects
77.80.B- Phase transitions and Curie point
77.22.Gm Dielectric loss and relaxation
77.22.Ch Permittivity (dielectric function)
77.84.Cg PZT ceramics and other titanates

Large-strain, rigid-to-rigid deformation of bistable electroactive polymers

Zhibin Yu, Wei Yuan, Paul Brochu, Bin Chen, Zhitian Liu, and Qibing Pei

Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 192904 (2009); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3263729 (3 pages) | Cited 24 times

Online Publication Date: 12 November 2009

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Thermoplastic poly(tert-butyl acrylate) (PTBA) is reported as an electroactive polymer that is rigid at ambient conditions and turns into a dielectric elastomer above a transition temperature. In the rubbery state, a PTBA thin film can be electrically actuated to strains up to 335% in area expansion. The calculated actuation pressure is 3.2 MPa. The actuation is made bistable by cooling to below glass transition temperature. The PTBA represents the bistable electroactive polymer (BSEP) that can be actuated to various largely strained, rigid shapes. The application of the BSEP for refreshable Braille display, an active tactile display, is also demonstrated.
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81.40.Lm Deformation, plasticity, and creep
62.20.fq Plasticity and superplasticity
61.41.+e Polymers, elastomers, and plastics
64.70.pj Polymers

Evolution of 180°, 90°, and vortex domains in ferroelectric films

Manas Kumar Roy, Shamik Sarkar, and Sushanta Dattagupta

Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 192905 (2009); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3263710 (3 pages) | Cited 4 times

Online Publication Date: 13 November 2009

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A Landau-like theory of phase transition and its time-dependent generalization are shown to be sufficient for describing the formation and kinetics of 180°, 90°, and vortex (toroidal) domains in ferroelectric thin films. The theory relies only on the choice of boundary conditions and does not require at the outset the presence of either anisotropy or strain fields. An ingredient in the calculational scheme is the incorporation of finite element methods in the kinetic equations for the ferroelectric order parameter.
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77.80.bn Strain and interface effects
77.80.Dj Domain structure; hysteresis
77.84.Ek Niobates and tantalates
77.84.Cg PZT ceramics and other titanates
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