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21 Dec 2009

Volume 95, Issue 25, Articles (25xxxx)

Issue Cover Spotlight Figure

Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 251105 (2009); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3275666 (3 pages)

D. Stehr, C. M. Morris, D. Talbayev, M. Wagner, H. C. Kim, A. J. Taylor, H. Schneider, P. M. Petroff, and M. S. Sherwin
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Plume composition control in double pulse ultrafast laser ablation of metals

Salvatore Amoruso, Riccardo Bruzzese, and Xuan Wang

Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 251501 (2009); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3276690 (3 pages) | Cited 4 times

Online Publication Date: 23 December 2009

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Ultrafast laser ablation of a metallic target induced by a pair of identical laser pulses temporally delayed from ≈ 1 to 2000 ps was studied by optical emission spectroscopy, imaging, and ion probe. Our experimental results demonstrate that plume excitation/ionization enhancement or nanoparticles reduction is achieved by properly delaying the two pulses. This possibility of controlling plume composition via an efficient coupling of the energy of the second pulse to the various ablation components produced by the first pulse is of particular interest in the process of material deposition and film growth.
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81.05.Bx Metals, semimetals, and alloys
78.47.J- Ultrafast spectroscopy (<1 psec)
61.46.Df Structure of nanocrystals and nanoparticles ("colloidal" quantum dots but not gate-isolated embedded quantum dots)
81.07.Bc Nanocrystalline materials
78.66.Bz Metals and metallic alloys
68.55.at Other materials
81.15.Fg Pulsed laser ablation deposition
78.55.Hx Other solid inorganic materials
78.67.Bf Nanocrystals, nanoparticles, and nanoclusters

Magnetohydrodynamic energy conversion by using convexly divergent channel

Tomoyuki Murakami and Yoshihiro Okuno

Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 251502 (2009); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3272014 (3 pages) | Cited 3 times

Online Publication Date: 23 December 2009

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We describe a magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) electrical power generator equipped with a convexly divergent channel, as determined through shock-tunnel-based experiments. The quality of MHD power-generating plasma and the energy conversion efficiency in the convexly divergent channel are compared with those from previous linearly divergent channel. The divergence enhancement in the channel upstream is effective for suppressing an excessive increase in static pressure, whereby notably high isentropic efficiency is achieved.
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52.75.Fk Magnetohydrodynamic generators and thermionic convertors; plasma diodes
84.70.+p High-current and high-voltage technology: power systems; power transmission lines and cables
84.60.Lw Magnetohydrodynamic conversion
52.30.Cv Magnetohydrodynamics (including electron magnetohydrodynamics)
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