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5 Apr 2010

Volume 96, Issue 14, Articles (14xxxx)

Issue Cover Spotlight Figure

Appl. Phys. Lett. 96, 143103 (2010); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3378684 (3 pages)

Joshua A. Kellar, Justice M. P. Alaboson, Qing Hua Wang, and Mark C. Hersam
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Fabrication of conductive interconnects by Ag migration in Cu–Ag core-shell nanoparticles

Suk Jun Kim, Eric A. Stach, and Carol A. Handwerker

Appl. Phys. Lett. 96, 144101 (2010); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3364132 (3 pages) | Cited 5 times

Online Publication Date: 5 April 2010

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Fabrication of conductive nanoparticle films is observed in Cu–Ag core-shell nanoparticles by fast diffusion of Ag at 220 °C from particle surfaces, leading to the formation of sintered necks of Ag at the initial particle-particle contacts. Transmission electron microscopy showed that the necks were pure Ag and that particle surfaces away from the contacts were nearly Ag-free. The extent of neck formation is controllable by the choice of initial Ag thickness. Analysis of the thermodynamics of the Ag–Cu system and the relative diffusivities of Ag and Cu provide criteria for fabrication of other core-shell two-phase systems by the same mechanism.
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66.30.Pa Diffusion in nanoscale solids
66.30.Qa Electromigration
61.46.Df Structure of nanocrystals and nanoparticles ("colloidal" quantum dots but not gate-isolated embedded quantum dots)

Edge-enhanced imaging obtained with very broad energy band x-rays

A. Taibi, P. Cardarelli, G. Di Domenico, M. Marziani, M. Gambaccini, T. Hanashima, and H. Yamada

Appl. Phys. Lett. 96, 144102 (2010); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3380641 (3 pages)

Online Publication Date: 6 April 2010

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We demonstrate both theoretically and experimentally that edge-enhancement effects are produced when objects, in contact with the x-ray detector, are imaged by using very broad x-ray spectra. Radiographs of thin Al objects have been obtained with a table-top synchrotron source which generates x-rays in the energy range from a few kilo-electron-volts up to 6 MeV. Edge-enhancement effects arise from the combination of x-ray absorption (kilo-electron-volt part of the spectrum) and secondary particle emission (mega-electron-volt part of the spectrum) within the sample. The exact contribution of absorption and emission profiles in the edge-enhanced images has been calculated via Monte Carlo simulation.
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07.85.Fv X- and γ-ray sources, mirrors, gratings, and detectors
78.70.Dm X-ray absorption spectra
78.70.En X-ray emission spectra and fluorescence
42.30.Va Image forming and processing

A scalable concept for micropower generation using flow-induced self-excited oscillations

D. St. Clair, A. Bibo, V. R. Sennakesavababu, M. F. Daqaq, and G. Li

Appl. Phys. Lett. 96, 144103 (2010); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3385780 (3 pages) | Cited 13 times

Online Publication Date: 8 April 2010

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Inspired by music-playing harmonicas that create tones via oscillations of reeds when subjected to air blow, this paper entails a concept for microwind power generation using flow-induced self-excited oscillations of a piezoelectric beam embedded within a cavity. Specifically, when the volumetric flow rate of air past the beam exceeds a certain threshold, the energy pumped into the structure via nonlinear pressure forces offsets the system’s intrinsic damping setting the beam into self-sustained limit-cycle oscillations. The vibratory energy is then converted into electricity through principles of piezoelectricity. Experimental and theoretical results are presented demonstrating the feasibility of the proposed concept.
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88.50.J- Wind farms
87.19.ln Oscillations and resonance
46.40.Ff Resonance, damping, and dynamic stability
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