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31 May 2010

Volume 96, Issue 22, Articles (22xxxx)

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Appl. Phys. Lett. 96, 223101 (2010); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3439728 (3 pages)

Seokho Yun, Jeremy A. Bossard, Theresa S. Mayer, and Douglas H. Werner
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Production of highly ionized species in high-current pulsed cathodic arcs

R. Sanginés, A. M. Israel, I. S. Falconer, D. R. McKenzie, and M. M. M. Bilek

Appl. Phys. Lett. 96, 221501 (2010); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3442509 (3 pages) | Cited 1 time

Online Publication Date: 1 June 2010

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Time resolved optical diagnostic techniques were used to study the production of highly ionized species in aluminum plasma produced by a centered-triggered high-current pulsed cathodic arc. Controlling the spacing between cathode spots enabled a correlation between a reduction in the mean charge state and an increase in the spacing of cathode spots to be observed. As the cathode current was increased, the distances between spots were reduced and these charge states were produced for longer times. Strong cathode spot coupling is proposed as a mechanism for the production of high charge states.
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52.50.Dg Plasma sources
52.80.Mg Arcs; sparks; lightning; atmospheric electricity
52.25.Jm Ionization of plasmas
52.25.Fi Transport properties
52.70.Kz Optical (ultraviolet, visible, infrared) measurements

Extreme water state produced by underwater wire-array electrical explosion

A. Fedotov-Gefen, S. Efimov, L. Gilburd, S. Gleizer, G. Bazalitsky, V. Tz. Gurovich, and Ya. E. Krasik

Appl. Phys. Lett. 96, 221502 (2010); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3446832 (3 pages) | Cited 3 times

Online Publication Date: 2 June 2010

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The generation of an extreme water state (130 GPa, 5000 K, and 3.4 g/cm3) which is characterized as dense plasma at the axis of a converging shock wave is reported. A 4 kJ pulse generator was used to explode a 40 Cu-wire array, generating a cylindrical shock wave. The measured shock wave trajectory and energy deposited into the water flow were used in hydrodynamic simulations coupled with the equation of state to determine the water parameters. The temperature estimated using the emission data of water in the vicinity of the implosion axis agrees with the simulation results, indicating shock wave symmetry in such extreme conditions.
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52.50.Lp Plasma production and heating by shock waves and compression
52.25.-b Plasma properties
52.65.-y Plasma simulation
52.70.-m Plasma diagnostic techniques and instrumentation

Chirped pulse shadowgraphy for single shot time resolved plasma expansion measurements

Y. B. S. R. Prasad, S. Barnwal, P. A. Naik, J. A. Chakera, R. A. Khan, and P. D. Gupta

Appl. Phys. Lett. 96, 221503 (2010); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3442510 (3 pages) | Cited 4 times

Online Publication Date: 2 June 2010

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The dynamics of ultrashort laser plasmas demand single shot temporal measurements on fast time scales. We describe a method to record the plasma expansion on picosecond (ps) timescales continuously over hundreds of ps, in single shot. The method uses the chirp of a Ti:sapphire laser as a time-resolved optical diagnostic tool. Using this technique, the evolution of the plasma expansion had been recorded with ps time resolutions, by probing with a chirped laser pulse of 200 ps duration. A peak expansion velocity of 1.8×107 cm/s is observed and its evolution in time is obtained for ∼ 300 ps.
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52.70.Kz Optical (ultraviolet, visible, infrared) measurements
52.50.Jm Plasma production and heating by laser beams (laser-foil, laser-cluster, etc.)
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