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Applied Physics Letters / Volume 96 / Issue 9 / STRUCTURAL, MECHANICAL, THERMODYNAMIC, AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF CONDENSED MATTER

Appl. Phys. Lett. 96, 091910 (2010); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3306728 (3 pages)

Solid fraction in dendritic solidification of a liquid

Lasse Makkonen

VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, P.O. Box 1000, FIN-02044 VTT Espoo, Finland

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(Received 6 November 2009; accepted 13 January 2010; published online 4 March 2010)

When a liquid is cooled below its equilibrium solidification temperature the solidification takes place as growing dendrites of microscopic scale. An essential feature of the material formed this way is its solid fraction f, which is less than unity due to liquid entrapped between the solid dendrites. In this letter, f in directional solidification of a pure liquid is solved analytically showing that f is independent of the growth conditions. In this sense, this solidification process is self-regulating and f is a material parameter. For water, as an example, the ice fraction is 70% in agreement with experimental data.

© 2010 American Institute of Physics

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KEYWORDS and PACS

Keywords

dendrites, solidification

PACS

  • 64.70.D-

    Solid-liquid transitions

  • 68.70.+w

    Whiskers and dendrites (growth, structure, and nonelectronic properties)

  • 81.30.Fb

    Solidification

ARTICLE DATA

Digital Object Identifier
http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3306728

PUBLICATION DATA

ISSN

0003-6951 (print)  
1077-3118 (online)

Publisher

$abstract.society.value is a Member of CrossRef American Institute of Physics

For access to fully linked references, you need to log in.
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