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13 Sep 2010

Volume 97, Issue 11, Articles (11xxxx)

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Appl. Phys. Lett. 97, 113701 (2010); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3487998 (3 pages)

Sarah E. Baker, Michael D. Pocha, Allan S. P. Chang, Donald J. Sirbuly, Stefano Cabrini, Scott D. Dhuey, Tiziana C. Bond, and Sonia E. Létant
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Negative, positive, and infinite mass properties of a rotating electron beam

David M. French, Brad W. Hoff, Y. Y. Lau, and R. M. Gilgenbach

Appl. Phys. Lett. 97, 111501 (2010); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3488833 (3 pages) | Cited 2 times

Online Publication Date: 14 September 2010

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An electron rotating under a uniform axial magnetic field and a radial electric field exhibits an effective mass that may be negative, positive, or infinite, in response to an azimuthal electric field. This paper reports simulation results that show instability and stability when the effective mass are negative and positive, respectively, depending on the magnitude and orientation of the radial electric field. Thus, the inverted magnetron would have a much faster startup than the conventional magnetron, an important consideration for pulsed operation. When the effective mass is infinite, the electrons hardly respond to an azimuthal ac electric field.
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41.75.Fr Electron and positron beams
75.85.+t Magnetoelectric effects, multiferroics
71.18.+y Fermi surface: calculations and measurements; effective mass, g factor
84.37.+q Measurements in electric variables (including voltage, current, resistance, capacitance, inductance, impedance, and admittance, etc.)
84.40.Fe Microwave tubes (e.g., klystrons, magnetrons, traveling-wave, backward-wave tubes, etc.)

Comparative and quantitative study of neutral debris emanated from tin plasmas produced by neodymium-doped yttrium-aluminum-garnet and carbon dioxide laser pulses

Yuji Matsuoka, Yuki Nakai, Shinsuke Fujioka, Shinsuke Maeda, Masashi Shimomura, Yoshinori Shimada, Atsushi Sunahara, Hiroaki Nishimura, and Minoru Yoshida

Appl. Phys. Lett. 97, 111502 (2010); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3486170 (3 pages) | Cited 1 time

Online Publication Date: 15 September 2010

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Amount of neutral debris emanated from extreme ultraviolet light source must be minimized to maximize its lifetime. Emanation of neutral atomic debris was experimentally investigated using laser-induced-fluorescence technique for carbon dioxide (CO2, 10.6 μm in wavelength) and Nd-doped yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Nd:YAG, 1.064 μm) lasers irradiated tin foils. Total number of neutral atomic debris from CO2 laser-irradiated tin foils was 1/100 times smaller than that from Nd:YAG irradiated ones. Competitiveness of CO2 laser was revealed in terms of debris mitigation.
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52.50.Jm Plasma production and heating by laser beams (laser-foil, laser-cluster, etc.)
52.50.Dg Plasma sources
52.70.Kz Optical (ultraviolet, visible, infrared) measurements
52.25.Tx Emission, absorption, and scattering of particles
42.72.Bj Visible and ultraviolet sources

Rare-earth plasma extreme ultraviolet sources at 6.5–6.7 nm

Takamitsu Otsuka, Deirdre Kilbane, John White, Takeshi Higashiguchi, Noboru Yugami, Toyohiko Yatagai, Weihua Jiang, Akira Endo, Padraig Dunne, and Gerry O’Sullivan

Appl. Phys. Lett. 97, 111503 (2010); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3490704 (3 pages) | Cited 18 times

Online Publication Date: 15 September 2010

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We have demonstrated a laser-produced plasma extreme ultraviolet source operating in the 6.5–6.7 nm region based on rare-earth targets of Gd and Tb coupled with a Mo/B4C multilayer mirror. Multiply charged ions produce strong resonance emission lines, which combine to yield an intense unresolved transition array. The spectra of these resonant lines around 6.7 nm (in-band: 6.7 nm ±1%) suggest that the in-band emission increases with increased plasma volume by suppressing the plasma hydrodynamic expansion loss at an electron temperature of about 50 eV, resulting in maximized emission.
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52.50.Dg Plasma sources
52.25.Os Emission, absorption, and scattering of electromagnetic radiation
42.72.Bj Visible and ultraviolet sources
42.79.Bh Lenses, prisms and mirrors
52.50.Jm Plasma production and heating by laser beams (laser-foil, laser-cluster, etc.)
42.79.Wc Optical coatings
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