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13 Dec 2010

Volume 97, Issue 24, Articles (24xxxx)

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Appl. Phys. Lett. 97, 241101 (2010); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3525583 (3 pages)

Kanghee Lee and Jaewook Ahn
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Formation mechanism of robust silver nanoparticle film with superhydrophobicity

Zhiguang Guo and Weimin Liu

Appl. Phys. Lett. 97, 243701 (2010); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3525574 (3 pages)

Online Publication Date: 14 December 2010

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The promising formation mechanism of Ag nanoparticles on a Si wafer displaying superhydrophobicity, generated by means of a facile in situ galvanic cell route, is discussed. The results showed that the promising formation of Ag nanoparticles is based on a microelectrochemical redox reaction in which both the anodic process and the cathodic process occur simultaneously on the silicon substrate surface. This discovery could be of great importance in the design of other metal/semiconductor systems.
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81.16.-c Methods of micro- and nanofabrication and processing
68.55.aj Insulators
61.46.Df Structure of nanocrystals and nanoparticles ("colloidal" quantum dots but not gate-isolated embedded quantum dots)

Polarization-specific adsorption of organic molecules on ferroelectric LiNbO3 surfaces

Zhengzheng Zhang, P. Sharma, C. N. Borca, P. A. Dowben, and A. Gruverman

Appl. Phys. Lett. 97, 243702 (2010); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3525373 (3 pages) | Cited 1 time

Online Publication Date: 15 December 2010

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Polarization effect on adsorption of d-cysteine molecules on ferroelectric LiNbO3 surfaces is studied by a combination of infrared spectramicroscopy and spatially resolved x-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy. It is shown that even in the absence of any electronic excitation (optical or thermal), the adsorption is still polarization-specific with preferential d-cysteine deposition occurring on positive domains. This observation rules out molecular adsorption solely due to pyroelectric or photoinduced charge and suggests possible dipole-dipole interaction between polar d-cysteine molecules and ferroelectric polarization dipoles. The surface chemistry related to polarization-dependent variations in Li/Nb concentration is also implicated as a contributing factor in the domain-specific adsorption of d-cysteine.
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68.43.Mn Adsorption kinetics
82.65.+r Surface and interface chemistry; heterogeneous catalysis at surfaces
77.84.Jd Polymers; organic compounds
77.70.+a Pyroelectric and electrocaloric effects
78.30.Hv Other nonmetallic inorganics
78.70.Dm X-ray absorption spectra

Magnetoencephalography with a two-color pump-probe, fiber-coupled atomic magnetometer

Cort Johnson, Peter D. D. Schwindt, and Michael Weisend

Appl. Phys. Lett. 97, 243703 (2010); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3522648 (3 pages) | Cited 2 times

Online Publication Date: 17 December 2010

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The authors have detected magnetic fields from the human brain with a compact, fiber-coupled rubidium spin-exchange-relaxation-free magnetometer. Optical pumping is performed on the D1 transition and Faraday rotation is measured on the D2 transition. The beams share an optical axis, with dichroic optics preparing beam polarizations appropriately. A sensitivity of <5 fT/math is achieved. Evoked responses resulting from median nerve and auditory stimulation were recorded with the atomic magnetometer. Recordings were validated by comparison with those taken by a commercial magnetoencephalography system. The design is amenable to arraying sensors around the head, providing a framework for noncryogenic, whole-head magnetoencephalography.
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87.19.le EEG and MEG
87.85.D- Applied neuroscience
87.19.lt Sensory systems: visual, auditory, tactile, taste, and olfaction

Quantification of nanoscale density fluctuations using electron microscopy: Light-localization properties of biological cells

Prabhakar Pradhan, Dhwanil Damania, Hrushikesh M. Joshi, Vladimir Turzhitsky, Hariharan Subramanian, Hemant K. Roy, Allen Taflove, Vinayak P. Dravid, and Vadim Backman

Appl. Phys. Lett. 97, 243704 (2010); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3524523 (3 pages)

Online Publication Date: 17 December 2010

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We report a study of the nanoscale mass-density fluctuations of heterogeneous optical dielectric media, including nanomaterials and biological cells, by quantifying their nanoscale light-localization properties. Transmission electron microscope images of the media are used to construct corresponding effective disordered optical lattices. Light-localization properties are studied by the statistical analysis of the inverse participation ratio (IPR) of the localized eigenfunctions of these optical lattices at the nanoscale. We validated IPR analysis using nanomaterials as models of disordered systems fabricated from dielectric nanoparticles. As an example, we then applied such analysis to distinguish between cells with different degrees of aggressive malignancy.
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87.50.wf Biophysical mechanisms of interaction
87.85.Rs Nanotechnologies-applications
87.64.Ee Electron microscopy
02.10.Ud Linear algebra
87.17.-d Cell processes
02.50.-r Probability theory, stochastic processes, and statistics
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