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Applied Physics Letters / Volume 97 / Issue 25 / ORGANIC ELECTRONICS AND PHOTONICS
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Appl. Phys. Lett. 97, 253302 (2010); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3527077 (3 pages)

Subbandgap absorption in polymer-fullerene solar cells

M. Presselt, M. Bärenklau, R. Rösch, W. J. D. Beenken, E. Runge, S. Shokhovets, H. Hoppe, and G. Gobsch

Institute of Physics and Institute of Micro- und Nanotechnologies, Ilmenau University of Technology, 98693 Ilmenau, Germany

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(Received 5 August 2010; accepted 22 November 2010; published online 20 December 2010)

We present external quantum efficiency (EQE) studies of poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl):[6,6]-phenylC61-butyric acid methyl ester (P3HT:PCBM) based bulk heterojunction polymer solar cells with improved intensity resolution in the subbandgap (SBG) region, i.e., the energy range below the optical bandgaps of the pristine materials. Varying the P3HT:PCBM blending ratio, we find that in addition to a Gaussian profile an exponential tail is needed for a quantitative description of the SBG EQE spectra. While the exponential contribution can be reliably assigned to disorder effects, the SBG EQE Gaussian profile can be due to charge-transfer absorption between P3HT and PCBM or due to absorption of PCBM at the interface or in the polymer-rich phase.

© 2010 American Institute of Physics

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KEYWORDS and PACS

Keywords

blending, charge exchange, energy gap, fullerene devices, polymers, solar cells

PACS

ARTICLE DATA

Digital Object Identifier
http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3527077

PUBLICATION DATA

ISSN

0003-6951 (print)  
1077-3118 (online)

Publisher

$abstract.society.value is a Member of CrossRef American Institute of Physics

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  16. See supplementary material at (http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3527077 ) for graphical illustration of the dependence of parameter t on the PCBM content. [EPAPS]

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Figures (click on thumbnails to view enlargements)

FIG.1
Panel (a): Illustration of a CTE-absorption. The CTE energy as depicted in the figure is lower than the HOMO-LUMO transition energy of the polymer and of the fullerene. Panel (b): Scheme of possible electronic transitions in a disordered system. The solid lines represent HOMO- and LUMO-energies modified by disorder. The dashed lines refer to defect-related states and/or disorder-modified energy gaps. The solid arrow labeled with Egap illustrates a vertical transition at the gap energy; those labeled with ESBG illustrate subbandgap transitions between spatially separated states (HOMO maximum and LUMO minimum; dotted arrow) or at locally varying HOMO-LUMO separations (dashed arrow).

FIG.1 Download High Resolution Image (.zip file) | Export Figure to PowerPoint

FIG.2
Panel (a): Experimental EQE spectra at the subbandgap region (circles) and fits thereof for P3HT-PCBM bulk heterojunctions with varied PCBM weight fractions (1, 10, and 60 wt %) on a logarithmic scale. The inset shows an EQE spectrum of a sample with 60 wt % PCBM on a linear scale. Panel (b): For the example of 60 wt % PCBM content, the single contributions to the fit (solid line) of the experimental EQE spectrum (circles) are shown. The exponential function and the broad Gaussian profile (both black dashed lines) are necessary to describe particularly the subbandgap EQE spectrum below 1.7 eV, while the two gray dotted Gaussian profiles account for PCBM and P3HT bulk-absorption.

FIG.2 Download High Resolution Image (.zip file) | Export Figure to PowerPoint

FIG.3
Weights of the exponential (empty squares) and the Gaussian (black squares) contribution to the integrated subbandgap EQE area as function of the PCBM content. The weights were determined by integrating the fits according to Eq. ( 1 ) over the subbandgap region from 0 to 1.65 eV.

FIG.3 Download High Resolution Image (.zip file) | Export Figure to PowerPoint

FIG.4
The prefactors AG [panel (a)] and widths σ [panel (b)] of the Gaussian contributions to the SBG EQE spectra in Eq. ( 1 ). Empty triangles correspond to a pure Gaussian description [second term in Eq. ( 1 ) only], while black squares refer to the Gaussian in the presence of an exponential function [both terms in Eq. ( 1 )].

FIG.4 Download High Resolution Image (.zip file) | Export Figure to PowerPoint

Supplemental Files (EPAPS)



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