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27 Dec 2010

Volume 97, Issue 26, Articles (26xxxx)

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Appl. Phys. Lett. 97, 263701 (2010); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3530124 (3 pages)

Shu-Hsien Liao, Kai-Wen Huang, Hong-Chang Yang, Chang-Te Yen, M. J. Chen, Hsin-Hsien Chen, Herng-Er Horng, and Shieh Yueh Yang
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Exploring the limits of ultrafast polymerase chain reaction using liquid for thermal heat exchange: A proof of principle

George Maltezos, Matthew Johnston, Konstantin Taganov, Chutatip Srichantaratsamee, John Gorman, David Baltimore, Wasun Chantratita, and Axel Scherer

Appl. Phys. Lett. 97, 264101 (2010); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3530452 (3 pages) | Cited 1 time

Online Publication Date: 28 December 2010

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Thermal ramp rate is a major limiting factor in using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for routine diagnostics. We explored the limits of speed by using liquid for thermal exchange rather than metal as in traditional devices, and by testing different polymerases. In a clinical setting, our system equaled or surpassed state-of-the-art devices for accuracy in amplifying DNA/RNA of avian influenza, cytomegalovirus, and human immunodeficiency virus. Using Thermococcus kodakaraensis polymerase and optimizing both electrical and chemical systems, we obtained an accurate, 35 cycle amplification of an 85-base pair fragment of E. coli O157:H7 Shiga toxin gene in as little as 94.1 s, a significant improvement over a typical 1 h PCR amplification.
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87.85.fk Biosensors
87.15.R- Reactions and kinetics
87.14.ej Enzymes
87.14.gk DNA

A two-terminal silicon nanoribbon field-effect pH sensor

Si Chen, Nima Jokilaakso, Per Björk, Amelie Eriksson Karlström, and Shi-Li Zhang

Appl. Phys. Lett. 97, 264102 (2010); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3532964 (3 pages) | Cited 1 time

Online Publication Date: 29 December 2010

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This paper reports on a two-terminal silicon nanoribbon (SiNR) field-effect pH sensor operated in electrolyte. Observed experimentally and confirmed by modeling, the sensor is activated by self-gating with a gate bias set by the potential difference of the two terminals. The effect of this gate bias on the SiNR conductance is modulated by the potential drop over the electrical double layer (EDL) established on the SiNR surface, similarly to the threshold voltage modulation by EDL in a three-terminal SiNR field-effect transistor with an independent gate electrode. The potential drop over EDL is determined by the pH value of the electrolyte.
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07.07.Df Sensors (chemical, optical, electrical, movement, gas, etc.); remote sensing
82.45.Gj Electrolytes
85.30.Tv Field effect devices
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