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27 Dec 2010

Volume 97, Issue 26, Articles (26xxxx)

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Appl. Phys. Lett. 97, 263701 (2010); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3530124 (3 pages)

Shu-Hsien Liao, Kai-Wen Huang, Hong-Chang Yang, Chang-Te Yen, M. J. Chen, Hsin-Hsien Chen, Herng-Er Horng, and Shieh Yueh Yang
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Photovoltage bleaching in bulk heterojunction solar cells through population of the singlet exciton

H. M. Shah, A. D. Mohite, T. Bansal, and B. W. Alphenaar

Appl. Phys. Lett. 97, 263301 (2010); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3531578 (3 pages)

Online Publication Date: 28 December 2010

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The effect of illumination by a tunable light source on the open circuit voltage of a poly[2-methoxy-5-(3,7-dimethyloctyloxy)]-1,4-phenylenevinylene (MDMO-PPV): [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) bulk heterojunction solar cell is measured. Illumination at the energy of the PCBM ground state singlet exciton causes a sharp decrease in the photovoltage, while illumination at the MDMO-PPV exciton produces no change. Capacitive photocurrent spectroscopy reveals that the charge dissociated from the PCBM exciton is large despite the small photovoltage signal. This implies that polarons generated by the below gap excitation promote recombination of the above gap photoexcited charge.
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88.40.jr Organic photovoltaics
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Interface formation between tris(8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum and ZnO nanowires and film

Jung Han Lee, Jeong Ho Shin, Jae Yong Song, and Yeonjin Yi

Appl. Phys. Lett. 97, 263302 (2010); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3531812 (3 pages)

Online Publication Date: 28 December 2010

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The energy level alignments at the interface between tris(8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum (Alq3) and ZnO nanowires and thin film were studied with in situ x-ray and ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy. The changes of work functions, highest occupied molecular orbitals, and core levels were measured with step-by-step deposition of Alq3 on each ZnO substrate. Although both substrates show similar electronic structures, a larger interface dipole is induced at the interface between Alq3 and ZnO nanowires. This results in the reduction of the electron injection barrier at the interface of Alq3/ZnO nanowires. Thus, the ZnO nanowire substrate is expected to show better performance than that of ZnO film when used as a cathode. We discussed the different interface dipole formation at each interface.
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73.40.Qv Metal-insulator-semiconductor structures (including semiconductor-to-insulator)
79.60.-i Photoemission and photoelectron spectra
73.30.+y Surface double layers, Schottky barriers, and work functions
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Reduced efficiency roll-off in electrophosphorescent devices by a short-living rhenium emitter with well-matched energy levels

Xiao Li, Dongyu Zhang, Haijun Chi, Guoyong Xiao, Yan Dong, Shuanghong Wu, Zisheng Su, Zhiqiang Zhang, Peng Lei, Zhizhi Hu, and Wenlian Li

Appl. Phys. Lett. 97, 263303 (2010); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3531576 (3 pages)

Online Publication Date: 28 December 2010

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We demonstrated reduced efficiency roll-off in electrophosphorescent devices based on a rhenium [Re(I)] complex, {9, 9-Di-[9′-(4″-phenoxybutyl)-9′H-carbazyl]-9-H-4,5-Diazafluorene Re(CO)3Br} (Re-PCDF). The devices based on Re-PCDF exhibited the peak luminance of 7888 cd/m2 and the maximum efficiency of 7.41 cd/A, respectively. Remarkably, the devices exhibited very small efficiency roll-off with only ca. 28%, which is much better than the reported Re(I) complexes based devices. Such excellent performances could be ascribed to the short luminescent lifetime of Re-PCDF and well-matched energy levels between the singlet host and the triplet emitter. The detailed mechanisms of such small efficiency roll-off were also investigated.
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85.60.Jb Light-emitting devices
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Insight into the contact resistance problem by direct probing of the potential drop in organic field-effect transistors

Martin Weis, Jack Lin, Dai Taguchi, Takaaki Manaka, and Mitsumasa Iwamoto

Appl. Phys. Lett. 97, 263304 (2010); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3533020 (3 pages) | Cited 1 time

Online Publication Date: 30 December 2010

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The microscopic electric field induced second-harmonic generation technique is used for direct observation of electric field profiles and evaluation of the potential drop on the injection electrode in the organic field-effect transistors with various channel lengths L. It is found that the potential drop on injection electrode is not a function of L. We show that the analysis of the transmission line model (TLM) cannot distinguish channel length independent contact resistance and potential drop. Tracing back to the conceptional idea of contact resistance proposed by Shockley in 1964, the TLM approach is discussed to explain L-dependent contact resistance.
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85.30.Tv Field effect devices
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Lyotropic chromonic liquid crystal semiconductors for water-solution processable organic electronics

V. G. Nazarenko, O. P. Boiko, M. I. Anisimov, A. K. Kadashchuk, Yu. A. Nastishin, A. B. Golovin, and O. D. Lavrentovich

Appl. Phys. Lett. 97, 263305 (2010); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3533814 (3 pages) | Cited 1 time

Online Publication Date: 30 December 2010

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We propose lyotropic chromonic liquid crystals (LCLCs) as a distinct class of materials for organic electronics. In water, the chromonic molecules stack on top of each other into elongated aggregates that form orientationally ordered phases. The aligned aggregated structure is preserved when the material is deposited onto a substrate and dried. The dried LCLC films show a strongly anisotropic electric conductivity of semiconductor type. The field-effect carrier mobility measured along the molecular aggregates in unoptimized films of LCLC V20 is 0.03 cm2 V−1 s−1. Easy processibility, low cost, and high mobility demonstrate the potential of LCLCs for microelectronic applications.
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61.30.St Lyotropic phases
72.20.Fr Low-field transport and mobility; piezoresistance
73.61.Ph Polymers; organic compounds
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