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21 Mar 2011

Volume 98, Issue 12, Articles (12xxxx)

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Appl. Phys. Lett. 98, 123101 (2011); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3567492 (3 pages)

Linus C. Chuang, Michael Moewe, Kar Wei Ng, Thai-Truong D. Tran, Shanna Crankshaw, Roger Chen, Wai Son Ko, and Connie Chang-Hasnain
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Reduced molybdenum oxide as an efficient electron injection layer in polymer light-emitting diodes

Maria Vasilopoulou, Leonidas C. Palilis, Dimitra G. Georgiadou, Panagiotis Argitis, Stella Kennou, Labrini Sygellou, Ioannis Kostis, Giorgos Papadimitropoulos, Nikos Konofaos, Agis A. Iliadis, and Dimitris Davazoglou

Appl. Phys. Lett. 98, 123301 (2011); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3557502 (3 pages) | Cited 13 times

Online Publication Date: 22 March 2011

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We report a significant improvement in the performance of single layer polymer light-emitting diodes (PLEDs), based on the green emitting copolymer poly[(9,9-dioctylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl)-co-(1,4-benzo-{2, 1′,3}-thiadiazole)], upon inserting a very thin layer of partially reduced molybdenum oxide (MoOx, where x = 2.7) at the polymer/Al cathode interface. Both fully oxidized (x = 3) and partially reduced (x = 2.7) thin molybdenum oxide layers were investigated as electron injection layers and their influence on PLED device performance was examined. Improved current density, luminance, and efficiency was achieved only in the case of devices with a thin partially reduced MoO2.7 film as electron injection layer, as a result of improved electron injection and more facile transfer at the modified polymer/Al interface.
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85.60.Jb Light-emitting devices
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Highly efficient organic photovoltaic devices using F-doped SnO2 anodes

Ziyang Hu, Jianjun Zhang, Zhihong Hao, Qiuyan Hao, Xinhua Geng, and Ying Zhao

Appl. Phys. Lett. 98, 123302 (2011); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3569758 (3 pages) | Cited 8 times

Online Publication Date: 22 March 2011

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Transparent F-doped SnO2 (FTO) is used as an anode material in organic photovoltaics based on poly(3-hexylthiophene) and [6, 6]-phenyl C61-butlyric acid methyl ester. Power conversion efficiency of 4.41% is achieved under 100 mW/cm2 simulated AM 1.5G solar illumination, which is comparable to that (4.25%) of the reference cells fabricated on indium tin oxide (ITO) glass substrates. Our results indicate that FTO anodes are a viable alternative to ITO for photovoltaic devices for cost effective fabrication of organic photovoltaic devices.
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84.60.Jt Photoelectric conversion
82.45.Fk Electrodes
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Single-layer graphene cathodes for organic photovoltaics

Marshall Cox, Alon Gorodetsky, Bumjung Kim, Keun Soo Kim, Zhang Jia, Philip Kim, Colin Nuckolls, and Ioannis Kymissis

Appl. Phys. Lett. 98, 123303 (2011); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3569601 (3 pages) | Cited 11 times

Online Publication Date: 23 March 2011

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A laminated single-layer graphene is demonstrated as a cathode for organic photovoltaic devices. The measured properties indicate that graphene offers two potential advantages over conventional photovoltaic electrode materials; work function matching via contact doping, and increased power conversion efficiency due to transparency. These findings indicate that flexible, light-weight all carbon solar cells can be constructed using graphene as the cathode material.
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88.40.jr Organic photovoltaics
88.40.hj Efficiency and performance of solar cells
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Electric fields induced by energy level pinning at organic heterojunctions

A. Wilke, P. Amsalem, J. Frisch, B. Bröker, A. Vollmer, and N. Koch

Appl. Phys. Lett. 98, 123304 (2011); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3571286 (3 pages) | Cited 7 times

Online Publication Date: 24 March 2011

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We investigated the energy levels at organic heterojunctions comprising the donor diindenoperylene (DIP) on top of the acceptor C60 with photoelectron spectroscopy. The intermolecular interaction is weak as evidenced on a moderate work function electrode by a small interface dipole of 0.15 eV and flat energy levels on both sides of the junction. When a high work function electrode is used, the DIP levels become Fermi-level pinned and an electric field drops within the C60 layer underneath. The electric field distribution within an organic opto-electronic device may thus be adjusted by employing interfacial energy level pinning, even at physisorptive organic/organic interfaces.
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73.40.-c Electronic transport in interface structures
73.30.+y Surface double layers, Schottky barriers, and work functions
79.60.Jv Interfaces; heterostructures; nanostructures
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