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Applied Physics Letters / Volume 98 / Issue 20 / LASERS, OPTICS, AND OPTOELECTRONICS

Appl. Phys. Lett. 98, 201101 (2011); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3590716 (3 pages)

Radially polarized optical vortex converter created by femtosecond laser nanostructuring of glass

Martynas Beresna1, Mindaugas Gecevičius1, Peter G. Kazansky1, and Titas Gertus2

1Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
2Altechna Co. Ltd, Konstitucijos 23C, LT-08105 Vilnius, Lithuania

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(Received 11 January 2011; accepted 27 March 2011; published online 16 May 2011)

We demonstrate the generation of optical vortices with radial or azimuthal polarization using a space variant polarization converter, fabricated by femtosecond laser writing of self-assembled nanostructures in silica glass. Manipulation of the induced form birefringence is achieved by controlling writing parameters, in particular, the polarization azimuth of the writing beam. The fabricated converter allows switching from radial to azimuthal polarization by controlling the handedness of incident circular polarization.

© 2011 American Institute of Physics

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KEYWORDS and PACS

Keywords

birefringence, high-speed optical techniques, laser beams, laser materials processing, light polarisation, nanofabrication, nanophotonics, optical glass, optical polarisers, optical vortices, self-assembly, silicon compounds

PACS

  • 42.79.Ci

    Filters, zone plates, and polarizers

  • 42.62.-b

    Laser applications

  • 42.65.Re

    Ultrafast processes; optical pulse generation and pulse compression

  • 42.70.Ce

    Glasses, quartz

  • 81.16.Dn

    Self-assembly

ARTICLE DATA

Digital Object Identifier
http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3590716

PUBLICATION DATA

ISSN

0003-6951 (print)  
1077-3118 (online)

Publisher

$abstract.society.value is a Member of CrossRef American Institute of Physics

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    References

    R. Dorn, S. Quabis, and G. Leuchs, Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 233901 (2003).

    D. Pohl, Appl. Phys. Lett. 20, 266 (1972)APPLAB000020000007000266000001.

    Z. Bomzon, V. Kleiner, and E. Hasman, Appl. Phys. Lett. 79, 1587 (2001)APPLAB000079000011001587000001.

    M. Beresna, P. G. Kazansky, Y. Svirko, M. Barkauskas, and R. Danielius, Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 121502 (2009)APPLAB000095000012121502000001.

    Y. Shimotsuma, P. G. Kazansky, J. R. Qiu, and K. Hirao, Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 247405 (2003).

    V. R. Bhardwaj, E. Simova, P. P. Rajeev, C. Hnatovsky, R. S. Taylor, D. M. Rayner, and P. B. Corkum, Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 057404 (2006).


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Figures (5)

Figures (click on thumbnails to view enlargements)

FIG.1
(a) Schematic drawing of nanograting distribution in polarization converter. [(b) and (c)] Distribution of the electric field for left-hand and right-hand circularly (see white circles) polarized beam after passing through the polarization converter. [(d) and e)] Measured beam profiles of argon ion cw laser before and after beam converter. (f) Modeled beam profile after beam converter.

FIG.1 Download High Resolution Image (.zip file) | Export Figure to PowerPoint

FIG.2
(Left) The setup for femtosecond laser direct writing. (Right) Microscope images of the polarization converter in the bright field and crossed polarizers. The diameter of the circle is 1.2 mm. The radial lines emerging from the center of the structure are due to finite step size in the writing process, which results in the visible segmentation of the structure.

FIG.2 Download High Resolution Image (.zip file) | Export Figure to PowerPoint

FIG.3
Birefringence characterization of the structure performed with the Abrio system. The top images represent retardance value distribution with 5× (left) and 20× (right) magnification of the structure. The bottom images represent the color-coded distribution of slow axis.

FIG.3 Download High Resolution Image (.zip file) | Export Figure to PowerPoint

FIG.4
Modeled near and far-field (top and middle) and measured (bottom) intensity distributions after the polarization converter for incident linear polarization (a) and for left handed circular polarization (i.e., azimuthal polarization with the orbital angular momentum l = 1 is generated) at different angles of polarizer 0° (b), 45° (c), 90° (d), 135° (e). White arrows indicate incident polarization state.

FIG.4 Download High Resolution Image (.zip file) | Export Figure to PowerPoint

FIG.5
Modeled and measured far-field patterns of optical vortices with azimuthal and radial polarization at 532 nm and the same (horizontal) orientation of linear analyzer. White arrows indicate incident polarization state.

FIG.5 Download High Resolution Image (.zip file) | Export Figure to PowerPoint



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