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18 Jul 2011

Volume 99, Issue 3, Articles (03xxxx)

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Appl. Phys. Lett. 99, 032501 (2011); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3610947 (3 pages)

G. X. Miao, M. D. Mascaro, C. H. Nam, C. A. Ross, and J. S. Moodera
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Improved initial drop in operational lifetime of blue phosphorescent organic light emitting device fabricated under ultra high vacuum condition

H. Yamamoto, J. Brooks, M. S. Weaver, J. J. Brown, T. Murakami, and H. Murata

Appl. Phys. Lett. 99, 033301 (2011); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3610998 (3 pages) | Cited 2 times

Online Publication Date: 18 July 2011

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A blue phosphorescent organic light emitting device fabricated under the ultra high vacuum (UHV) condition of 6.5 × 10−7 Pa decreases the initial luminance drop upon lifetesting under a constant dc current of 15 mA/cm2 by 3 times compared to a device fabricated under a high vacuum (HV) condition of 7.6 × 10−6 Pa resulting in a 23% increase in half lifetime. We calculate a water content of 10−4 mol. % in the UHV device emissive layer (EML) and 10−2 mol. % in the HV device EML. We discuss the effects of water on luminance loss and voltage rise for the devices.
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85.60.Jb Light-emitting devices
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Stability enhancement in organic photovoltaic device by using polymerized fluorocarbon anode buffer layer

M. F. Lo, T. W. Ng, S. L. Lai, M. K. Fung, S. T. Lee, and C. S. Lee

Appl. Phys. Lett. 99, 033302 (2011); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3610553 (3 pages) | Cited 8 times

Online Publication Date: 19 July 2011

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We show that by introducing a polymerized fluorocarbon film (CFx) on indium tin oxide (ITO), stability of CuPc/C60 organic photovoltaic device can be improved. While the efficiency of a standard device decreases from 1.5% to 0.7% after 2000 h of storage and intermittent operation, a CFx-buffered device shows negligible changes (1.6% throughout 2000 h). We found that C60 is influenced by the ITO substrate. X-ray photoemission studies show that reactive −O• species on the ITO surface were minimized after CFx polymerization. Reduction of such species from organic layers is considered a major cause for the stability enhancement in the CFx-buffered device.
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88.40.H- Solar cells (photovoltaics)
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A compact physical model for morphology induced intrinsic degradation of organic bulk heterojunction solar cell

Biswajit Ray and Muhammad A. Alam

Appl. Phys. Lett. 99, 033303 (2011); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3610460 (3 pages) | Cited 10 times

Online Publication Date: 19 July 2011

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The gradual loss of efficiency during field operation poses a fundamental challenge for economic viability of any solar cell technology. Well known examples include light-induced degradation in Si-based cell (Staebler-Wronski effect), Cu diffusion in thin film (copper indium gallium selenide) cell, hot-spot degradation in series connected modules, etc. Here we develop a compact model for an intrinsic degradation concern for bulk heterojunction type organic photovoltaic (BH-OPV) cells that involve continued (thermal) phase segregation of the donor-acceptor molecules leading to characteristic loss of efficiency and performance. Our approach interprets a number of BH-OPV device degradation measurements within a common framework and suggests/rationalizes intuitive routes for lifetime improvement for such technologies.
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88.40.jr Organic photovoltaics
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Indium-free bottom electrodes for inverted organic solar cells with simplified cell architectures

H. Schmidt, T. Winkler, I. Baumann, S. Schmale, H. Flügge, H.-H. Johannes, S. Hamwi, T. Rabe, T. Riedl, and W. Kowalsky

Appl. Phys. Lett. 99, 033304 (2011); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3610997 (3 pages) | Cited 1 time

Online Publication Date: 21 July 2011

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Inverted organic bulk heterojunction solar cells employing a multilayer electrode comprising of a thin Ag layer embedded between layers of zinc tin oxide (ZTO) are compared to cells using an indium tin oxide electrode. The In-free ZTO/Ag/ZTO (ZAZ) electrodes exhibit a favorable work function of 4.3 eV and are shown to allow for excellent electron extraction even without a further interlayer. As a result, issues like transient cell characteristics known from cells comprising titania can be readily avoided. This renders ZAZ a perfectly suited bottom electrode for inverted organic solar cells with a simplified cell architecture.
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88.40.jr Organic photovoltaics
88.40.jp Multijunction solar cells
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Enhanced short-circuit current density in poly(3-hexylthiophene) and 1-(3-methoxycarbonyl)-propyl-1-phenyl-(6,6)C61 based organic solar cells by doping small molecular perylene

Yanhui Lou, Zhaokui Wang, Shigeki Naka, and Hiroyuki Okada

Appl. Phys. Lett. 99, 033305 (2011); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3615711 (3 pages) | Cited 7 times

Online Publication Date: 22 July 2011

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The authors investigate the effects of a small molecular dye, perylene, on the performance of organic solar cells based on poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and 1-(3-methoxycarbonyl)-propyl-1-phenyl-(6,6)C61 (PCBM) blends. The short-circuit current density is improved, and a maximum 27% enhancement in power conversion efficiency is achieved by doping suitable perylene into P3HT:PCBM blends. It is attributed to be the enhanced absorption of perylene doped P3HT:PCBM blends, which is also confirmed in single-carrier devices. Moreover, the barrier height at the anode/blend is largely lowered from 0.61 eV to 0.28 eV through evaluating temperature dependence of current-voltage characteristics.
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81.05.Lg Polymers and plastics; rubber; synthetic and natural fibers; organometallic and organic materials
88.40.hj Efficiency and performance of solar cells
88.40.jr Organic photovoltaics
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