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8 Aug 2011

Volume 99, Issue 6, Articles (06xxxx)

Issue Cover Spotlight Figure

Appl. Phys. Lett. 99, 063701 (2011); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3622631 (3 pages)

Bomi Gweon, Mina Kim, Dan Bee Kim, Daeyeon Kim, Hyeonyu Kim, Heesoo Jung, Jennifer H. Shin, and Wonho Choe
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High piezoelectric activity in (Na,K)NbO3 based lead-free piezoelectric ceramics: Contribution of nanodomains

Jian Fu, Ruzhong Zuo, and Zhengkui Xu

Appl. Phys. Lett. 99, 062901 (2011); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3624704 (3 pages) | Cited 12 times

Online Publication Date: 9 August 2011

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The origin of high piezoelectric response in (Na0.52K0.48−x)(Nb0.92−xSb0.08)O3-xLiTaO3 lead-free ceramics was investigated by looking into the composition-dependent domain morphology by means of transmission electron microscopy. Nanodomains of alternate orthorhombic and tetragonal domains with a width of 20–50 nm were surprisingly observed but only for compositions near polymorphic phase coexistence zone. The formation of nanodomain morphology was considered to result from the reduction of the domain wall energy owing to the vanishing of the polar anisotropy, which ultimately induced enhanced piezoelectric properties. The result indicated that nanodomains are not proprietary features of traditional Pb-based piezoelectric ceramics with a morphotropic phase boundary.
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77.65.Bn Piezoelectric and electrostrictive constants
77.80.Dj Domain structure; hysteresis
81.30.Hd Constant-composition solid-solid phase transformations: polymorphic, massive, and order-disorder
64.70.K- Solid-solid transitions
77.84.Ek Niobates and tantalates

First-principles prediction of a two dimensional electron gas at the BiFeO3/SrTiO3 interface

Zhen Zhang, Ping Wu, Lang Chen, and Junling Wang

Appl. Phys. Lett. 99, 062902 (2011); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3624457 (3 pages) | Cited 1 time

Online Publication Date: 10 August 2011

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The structural and electronic properties of the BiFeO3(BFO)/SrTiO3(STO) heterostructure are studied using supercell approach by ab-initio density functional theory calculations. Our calculations indicate that a two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) exists at the n-type (BiO)+ and (TiO2)0 interface, due to the fact that electronic reconstruction is expected to avoid the polar catastrophe. Moreover, the large polarization discontinuity between the paraelectric SrTiO3 and ferroelectric BiFeO3 brings about distinguishable 2DEG behaviors to the n-type BiO/TiO2 interfaces, due to the asymmetric screening charge.
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73.21.-b Electron states and collective excitations in multilayers, quantum wells, mesoscopic, and nanoscale systems
77.22.Ej Polarization and depolarization
77.80.-e Ferroelectricity and antiferroelectricity
71.15.Mb Density functional theory, local density approximation, gradient and other corrections
73.20.At Surface states, band structure, electron density of states

The effect of the hydrostatic pressure on the electromechanical properties of ferroelectric rhombohedral single crystals Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)-Pb(In1/2Nb1/2)-PbTiO3

Junjie Gao, Zhuo Xu, Fei Li, Chonghui Zhang, Yi Liu, Gaomin Liu, and Hongliang He

Appl. Phys. Lett. 99, 062903 (2011); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3622479 (3 pages) | Cited 3 times

Online Publication Date: 10 August 2011

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The electromechanical properties of rhombohedral single crystals Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)-Pb(In1/2Nb1/2)-PbTiO3 (PMN-PIN-PT) were investigated under hydrostatic pressure from 0.1 to 456 MPa. Due to pressure-induced morphotropic phase boundary moving, the piezoelectric coefficients and electromechanical coupling factors of PMN-PIN-PT crystals were found to decrease by ∼10% and ∼2%, respectively. The mechanical quality factor Q was found to dramatically decrease, because the domain wall motion and friction between vibrator and pressure-transmitting fluid were enhanced under hydrostatic pressure. On the other hand, the pressure induced depolarization and phase transition were not observed in the experimental pressure range.
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77.80.bg Compositional effects
77.22.Ej Polarization and depolarization
77.65.-j Piezoelectricity and electromechanical effects

Surface and size effects on phase diagrams of ferroelectric nanocylinders

Yue Zheng, S. P. Lin, and Biao Wang

Appl. Phys. Lett. 99, 062904 (2011); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3624829 (3 pages) | Cited 1 time

Online Publication Date: 11 August 2011

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Size-temperature phase diagrams of ferroelectric nanocylinder have been investigated. Taking into account existence of the depolarization field, surface and size effects, an eighth-order polynomial of the modified thermodynamic model has been established. Our results show that the phase diagrams obviously vary with ratio of the length and radius, and can be adjusted by the mechanical loads especially.
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77.80.-e Ferroelectricity and antiferroelectricity
81.30.Dz Phase diagrams of other materials
61.46.Km Structure of nanowires and nanorods (long, free or loosely attached, quantum wires and quantum rods, but not gate-isolated embedded quantum wires)
61.46.Np Structure of nanotubes (hollow nanowires)
64.70.-p Specific phase transitions
68.35.Md Surface thermodynamics, surface energies

Bi-relaxation behaviors in epitaxial multiferroic double-perovskite BiFe0.5Mn0.5O3/CaRuO3 heterostructures

J. Miao, X. Zhang, Q. Zhan, Y. Jiang, and K.-H. Chew

Appl. Phys. Lett. 99, 062905 (2011); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3624847 (3 pages) | Cited 6 times

Online Publication Date: 12 August 2011

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Multiferroic double-perovskite BiFe0.5Mn0.5O3 thin film heterostructures were epitaxially grown on CaRuO3-buffered (001) SrTiO3 by pulse laser deposition. Typical Vogel-Fulcher relaxorlike dielectric and magnetic susceptibilities were observed, implying the film exhibits the properties of an electric relaxor and a magnetic relaxor. Polarization and size of polar nanoregions (PNRs) were determined by fitting the dielectric constant to a multi-polarization mechanism model. It was found that PNRs of 7-11 nm decrease from 0.67 μC/cm2 to 0.11 μC/cm2, as the temperature increases from 380 K to 460 K. A weak ferromagnetism was observed via magnetic hysteresis loops up to 300 K.
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75.85.+t Magnetoelectric effects, multiferroics
77.55.Nv Multiferroic/magnetoelectric films
75.60.Ej Magnetization curves, hysteresis, Barkhausen and related effects
75.70.Ak Magnetic properties of monolayers and thin films
77.22.Gm Dielectric loss and relaxation
81.15.Fg Pulsed laser ablation deposition

Electric field-induced deformation behavior in mixed Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3 and Bi0.5(Na0.75K0.25)0.5TiO3-BiAlO3

Dae Su Lee, Dong Hwan Lim, Min Soo Kim, Kwang Ho Kim, and Soon Jong Jeong

Appl. Phys. Lett. 99, 062906 (2011); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3621878 (3 pages) | Cited 3 times

Online Publication Date: 12 August 2011

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In this study, a method in which an electric field-induced phase transition in bismuth-based ceramics is used at a relatively low field of 40 kV/cm is proposed. This study investigated the electrical properties and electric field-induced strain of Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3 (BNT) single particle-added Bi0.5(Na0.75K0.25)0.5TiO3-BiAlO3 (BNKT-BA) ceramics. Strains of 0.27% and 0.29%, for 0.94BNKT-0.06BA with 10% BNT and 0.93BNKT-0.07BA with 20% BNT, were observed, respectively. These strains were attributed to the transition from non-polar to ferroelectric phases in BNKT-BA small grains with ferroelectric BNT large grains during external electric field execution.
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77.80.bn Strain and interface effects
81.40.Lm Deformation, plasticity, and creep
62.20.F- Deformation and plasticity
77.84.Cg PZT ceramics and other titanates
77.80.bg Compositional effects
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